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Genetic Transformation of Scutellaria baicalensis

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Transgenic Medicinal Plants

Part of the book series: Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry ((AGRICULTURE,volume 45))

Abstract

The distribution of the genus Scutellaria (family Labiatae) and the importance of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi have been reviewed in detail (Yamamoto 1991). Wogon, Scutellariae Radix, is the dry root, excepting the exodermis, of S. baicalensis, which is collected in spring and fall, and is a very old and well-known drug in traditional Chinese medicine (Chiang Su New Medical College 1977; Tang and Eisenbrand 1992). It is officially listed in the Japanese Pharmacopeia JPXIII and Chinese Pharmacopeia, and is one of the most widely used crude drugs for the treatment of bronchitis, hepatitis, diarrhea, and tumors. It is also used frequently as an important medicine in Chinese clinical practice. Recent papers reported that flavonoids from the roots of this species have an inhibitory effect on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) (Li et al. 1993), human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) (Baylor et al. 1992), and mouse skin tumor promotion (Konoshima et al. 1992). The root of S. baicalensis is known to contain a number of flavone derivatives. The first flavone isolated from its root was wogonin; its structure was determined by Hattori (1930). Wogonin is present in only small amounts in the root; the flavone glycoside baicalin predominates by far (Shibata et al. 1923). Baicalin was also extracted from the roots and its acid hydrolysis yielded glucuronic acid and a flavone aglycone named baicalein. Further flavones and related compounds isolated from S. baicalensis are some 50 kinds of flavonoids (Tang and Eisenbrand 1992; Miyaichi and Tomimori 1994, 1995; Zhang et al. 1994; Ishimaru et al. 1995; Zhou et al. 1997).

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  1. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, 9-1 Shirokane 5 Chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108, Japan

    M. Hirotani

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  1. M. Hirotani
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  1. A-137 New Friends Colony, New Delhi, 110065, India

    Y. P. S. Bajaj

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© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Hirotani, M. (1999). Genetic Transformation of Scutellaria baicalensis . In: Bajaj, Y.P.S. (eds) Transgenic Medicinal Plants. Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, vol 45. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58439-8_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58439-8_20

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-63595-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-58439-8

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