Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Filaggrin in Canine Skin

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Filaggrin

Abstract

Filaggrin is an epidermal protein that contributes to the structure of the cornified envelope. Impaired filaggrin functions, either by filaggrin gene (FLG) mutation or by altered filaggrin expression, may lead to skin disease and enhance antigen penetration. The discovery of the association between FLG mutations and human atopic dermatitis, together with the recent draft dog genome database, evoked filaggrin studies in canine tissue since dogs have a similar disease, canine atopic dermatitis (CAD). Although canine FLG mutations have not yet been identified and the FLG has been merged with the FLG2 in the latest draft dog genome (canFam3, September 2011), specific antibodies to canine filaggrin showed protein location in the epidermal layer. In CAD, filaggrin protein expression was generally decreased, although results at transcript levels varied. Further studies of the protein structure and function should be investigated.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Atoji Y, Yamamoto Y, Komatsu T, Suzuki Y, Tsubota T. Circumanal glands of the dog: a new classification and cell degeneration. Anat Rec. 1998;250:251–67.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Palmer CN, Irvine AD, Terron-Kwiatkowski A, Zhao Y, Liao H, Lee SP, et al. Common loss-of function variants of the epidermal barrier protein filaggrin are a major predisposing factor for atopic dermatitis. Nat Genet. 2006;38:441–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Halliwell R. Revised nomenclature for veterinary allergy. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2006;114:2007–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Scott DW. Skin immune system and allergic skin diseases. In: Muller and Kirk’s small animal dermatology. Scott DW, Miller WH, Griffin CE, editors. 6th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2001. p. 543–666.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Leung DYM. Atopic dermatitis: the skin as a window into the pathogenesis of chronic allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1995;96:302–19.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Marsella R, Girolomoni G. Canine models of atopic dermatitis: a useful tool with untapped potential. J Invest Dermatol. 2009;129:2351–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Flicek P, Amode MR, Barrell D, Beal K, Brent S, Chen Y, et al. Ensembl 2011. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011;39:800–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Lindblad-Toh K, Wade CM, Mikkelsen TS, Karlsson EK, Jaffe DB, Kamal M, et al. Genome sequence, comparative analysis and haplotype structure of the domestic dog. Nature. 2005;438:803–19.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Kanda S, Sasaki T, Shiohama A, Nishifuji K, Amagai M, Kudoh J, et al. Characterization of canine filaggrin: gene structure and protein expression in dog skin. Vet Dermatol. 2013;24:25–31.e7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Suriyaphol G, Suriyaphol P, Sarikaputi M, Theerawatanasirikul S, Sailasuta A. Association of filaggrin (flg) gene polymorphism with canine atopic dermatitis in small breed dogs. Thai J Vet Med. 2011;41:509–17.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Thompson JD, Higgins DG, Gibson TJ. CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Res. 1994;22:4673–80.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Cheng J, Randall AZ, Swerwdoski MJ, Baldi P. SCRATCH: a protein structure and structural feature prediction server. Nucleic Acid Res. 2005;33:W72–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Presland RB, Haydock PV, Fleckman P, Nirunsuksiri W, Dale BA. Characterization of the human epidermal profilaggrin gene. Genomic organization and identification of an S-100-like calcium binding domain at the amino terminus. J Biol Chem. 1992;267:23772–81.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Zhang D, Karunaratne S, Kessler M, Mahony D, Rothnagel JA. Characterization of mouse profilaggrin: evidence for nuclear engulfment and translocation of the profilaggrin B-domain during epidermal differentiation. J Invest Dermatol. 2002;119:905–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Rawlings AV, Harding CR. Moisturization and skin barrier function. Dermatol Ther. 2004;17 Suppl 1:43–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Gruber R, Janecke AR, Fauth C, Utermann G, Fritsch PO, Schmuth M. Filaggrin mutations p.R501X and c.2282del4 in ichthyosis vulgaris. Eur J Hum Genet. 2007;15:179–84.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Chervet L, Galichet A, McLean WH, Chen H, Suter MM, Roosje PJ, et al. Missing C-terminal filaggrin expression, NFkappaB activation and hyperproliferation identify the dog as a putative model to study epidermal dysfunction in atopic dermatitis. Exp Dermatol. 2010;19:343–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Theerawatanasirikul S, Suriyaphol G, Thanawongnuwech R, Sailasuta A. Histologic morphology and involucrin, filaggrin, and keratin expression in normal canine skin from dogs of different breeds and coat types. J Vet Sci. 2012;13:163–70.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Marsella R, Samuelson D, Harrington L. Immunohistochemical evaluation of filaggrin polyclonal antibody in atopic and normal beagles. Vet Dermatol. 2009;20:547–54.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Olivry T, Marsella R, Iwasaki T, Mueller R. Validation of CADESI-03, a severity scale for clinical trials enrolling dogs with atopic dermatitis. Vet Dermatol. 2007;18:78–86.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Plant JD, Gortel K, Kovalik M, Polissar NL, Neradilek MB. Development and validation of the Canine Atopic Dermatitis Lesion Index, a scale for the rapid scoring of lesion severity in canine atopic dermatitis. Vet Dermatol. 2012;23:515–e103.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Olivry T, Naydan DK, Moore PF. Characterization of the cutaneous inflammatory infiltrate in canine atopic dermatitis. Am J Dermatopathol. 1997;19:477–86.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Marsella R. Does filaggrin expression correlate with severity of clinical signs in dogs with atopic dermatitis? Vet Dermatol. 2013;24:266–e59.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Theerawatanasirikul S, Sailasuta A, Thanawongnuwech R, Nakbed T, Charngkaew K, Suriyaphol G. Differential expression patterns of proteins involved in epidermal proliferation and differentiation in canine atopic dermatitis. Thai J Vet Med. 2012;42:287–96.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Cork MJ, Danby SG, Vasilopoulos Y, Hadgraft J, Lane ME, Moustafa M, et al. Epidermal barrier dysfunction in atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol. 2009;129:1892–908.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Magert HJ, Standker L, Kreutzmann P, Zucht HD, Reinecke M, Sommerhoff CP, et al. LEKTI, a novel 15-domain type of human serine proteinase inhibitor. J Biol Chem. 1999;274:21499–502.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Chavanas S, Bodemer C, Rochat A, Hamel-Teillac D, Ali M, Irvine AD, et al. Mutations in SPINK5, encoding a serine protease inhibitor, cause Netherton syndrome. Nat Genet. 2000;25:141–2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Gertz EM. BLAST scoring parameters [Internet]. 2011 [updated 2005 Mar 16]. Available from: ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/blast/documents/developer/scoring.pdf.

  29. Theerawatanasirikul S, Sailasuta A, Thanawongnuwech R, Suriyaphol G. Alterations of keratins, involucrin and filaggrin gene expression in canine atopic dermatitis. Res Vet Sci. 2012;93:1287–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Barros Roque J, O’Leary CA, Kyaw-Tanner M, Latter M, Mason K, Shipstone M, et al. Haplotype sharing excludes canine orthologous Filaggrin locus in atopy in West Highland White Terriers. Anim Genet. 2009;40:793–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Santoro D, Marsella R, Bunick D, Graves TK, Campbell KL, Ahrens K. Expression and distribution of canine filaggrin in the skin of healthy and atopic beagles [Abstracts]. Vet Dermatol. 2010;21:323.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Chen G, Gharib TG, Huang CC, Taylor JM, Misek DE, Kardia SL, et al. Discordant protein and mRNA expression in lung adenocarcinomas. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2002;1:304–13.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Fournier ML, Paulson A, Pavelka N, Mosley AL, Gaudenz K, Bradford WD, et al. Delayed correlation of mRNA and protein expression in rapamycin-treated cells and a role for Ggc1 in cellular sensitivity to rapamycin. Mol Cell Proteomics. 2010;9:271–84.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Wu Z, Hansmann B, Meyer-Hoffert U, Gläser R, Schröder JM. Molecular identification and expression analysis of filaggrin-2, a member of the S100 fused-type protein family. PLoS One. 2009;4:e5227.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Wood SH, Ollier WE, Nuttall T, McEwan NA, Carter SD. Despite identifying some shared gene associations with human atopic dermatitis the use of multiple dog breeds from various locations limits detection of gene associations in canine atopic dermatitis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2010;138:193–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Salzmann CA, Olivry TJ, Nielsen DM, Paps JS, Harris TL, Olby NJ. Genome-wide linkage study of atopic dermatitis in West Highland White Terriers. BMC Genet. 2011;12:37.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We would like to express our thanks to Prof. Dr. Roongroje Thanawongnuwech, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Achariya Sailasuta, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Anudep Rungsripipat, and Assist. Prof. Dr. Sayamon Sukjumlong, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University. Special thanks to Ms. Nongluk Plongthongkum for providing data.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biochemistry Unit, Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, 39 Henri Dunant Rd., Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

    Gunnaporn Suriyaphol DVM, MSc, Dr. rer. nat.

  2. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Rd., Ladyaow, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand

    Sirin Theerawatanasirikul DVM, PhD

  3. Bioinformatics and Data Management for Research Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Prannok Rd., Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand

    Prapat Suriyaphol BSc, PhD

Authors
  1. Gunnaporn Suriyaphol DVM, MSc, Dr. rer. nat.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sirin Theerawatanasirikul DVM, PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Prapat Suriyaphol BSc, PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gunnaporn Suriyaphol DVM, MSc, Dr. rer. nat. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermato-Allergology, National Allergy Research Centre, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark

    Jacob P. Thyssen

  2. Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA

    Howard I. Maibach

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Suriyaphol, G., Theerawatanasirikul, S., Suriyaphol, P. (2014). Filaggrin in Canine Skin. In: Thyssen, J., Maibach, H. (eds) Filaggrin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54379-1_20

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54379-1_20

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-54378-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-54379-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation