Abstract
This chapter gives an brief overview of A/D-conversion focusing on delta-sigma modulators. For a comprehensive analysis of delta-sigma converters the reader is referred to later mentioned references. The sampling and quantization of analog signals is briefly discussed. The main converter specification items are introduced. Next, the principle of oversampling and delta-sigma conversion is covered followed by some architectural aspects and implementation approaches. Pulse-width modulation will be introduced based on a delta-sigma modulator for low voltage applications. Finally, the impact on jitter for A/D-conversion is briefly discussed.
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Notes
- 1.
The product of the transconductance and the degeneration resistance, g m ⋅R deg , is called the degeneration value.
- 2.
Note, a negative zero shifts the phase towards positive values causing less delay.
- 3.
Obviously, the exact numbers for a “large” sampling frequency and a “moderate” accuracy depends on the provided technology-node. As a rule of thumb, a RC-integrator is a better choice for meeting a linearity of better than 50 dB to 60 dB [35].
- 4.
A hysteresis of ±h is assumed for the considered comparator.
- 5.
A harmonic signal v(t) is considered as input signal v(t)=v m cos(μt).
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Gaggl, R. (2013). Limitations of Delta-Sigma Converters. In: Delta-Sigma A/D-Converters. Springer Series in Advanced Microelectronics, vol 39. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34543-2_2
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