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Auditorisches System

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Funktionelle MRT in Psychiatrie und Neurologie

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Zusammenfassung

Die Untersuchung auditorischer Funktionen mittels der fMRT stellt eine besondere Herausforderung dar, da das Eigengeräusch des Magneten eine komplexe Störquelle ist. Im ersten Teil des Beitrags werden ausführlich die Implikationen dieses Problems sowie etablierte Ansätze zu dessen Lösung bzw. Minderung vorgestellt. Im zweiten Teil werden die funktionelle Neuroanatomie des auditorischen Systems sowie die Grenzen und Möglichkeiten des Vergleichs mit Tierstudien beschrieben. Im weiteren Verlauf erfolgt eine Zusammenfassung zur Neurokognition elementarer auditorischer Funktionen und deren plastischer Besonderheiten im Vergleich zu anderen Modalitäten im Hinblick auf eine optimale Anwendung der fMRT-Methode. Besondere Beachtung soll im dritten Teil der Frage zukommen, inwiefern fMRT-Studien Evidenz für bzw. gegen jüngere neurobiologische Modelle der elementaren und höheren auditorischen Verarbeitung liefern und damit insgesamt zu einem besseren Verständnis der zerebralen Organisation von kognitiven Funktionen, beispielsweise Sprache und Musik, beitragen konnten. Abgeschlossen wird der Beitrag durch die Beschreibung einiger zweckdienlicher methodischer Hilfsmittel, die heute zum Standardrepertoire innerhalb der Anwendung der fMRT-Methode zur Untersuchung auditorischer Funktionen gehören. Zusammenfassend liefert dieses Kapitel eine Diskussion der Vor- und Nachteile der fMRT sowie nützliche methodische Ansätze, die Einsteiger sowie fortgeschrittene Anwender im Zusammenhang mit der fMRT auditorischer Funktionen kennen sollten.

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  1. Psychological Institute Neuroplasticity and Learning in the Healthy Aging Brain, University of Zurich, Sumatrastrasse 30, 8006, Zürich

    Prof. Dr. Martin Meyer

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  1. Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Aachen

    Frank Schneider

  2. Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich

    Gereon R. Fink

  3. Uniklinik Köln, Köln

    Gereon R. Fink

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Meyer, M. (2013). Auditorisches System. In: Schneider, F., Fink, G.R. (eds) Funktionelle MRT in Psychiatrie und Neurologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29800-4_21

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