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Graphene Oxide

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Encyclopedia of Polymeric Nanomaterials

Synonyms

Graphite oxide; Graphitic acid; Oxo-functionalized graphene

Definitions

Graphene oxide is a material that consists of exactly one layer of functionalized graphite (graphene). Oxygen functional groups of various species and amounts are located on both sides of the basal plane.

Introduction

Carbon, element number six, provides four valence electrons to form up to four chemical bonds. The carbon atom can be hybridized in three states: sp, sp2, or sp3. Therefore, carbon is highly versatile and exists in different allotropes such as diamonds (purely sp3-hybridized), graphite (purely sp2-hybridized), as well as spheres, like fullerenes which are sp2-hybridized. Carbon atoms are also sp2-hybridized in single- or multiwall carbon nanotubes. Mixed forms of carbon comprising sp3- and sp-hybridized carbon or sp2- and sp-hybridized carbon are known as well [1].

Graphite is a long-known carbon allotrope from which graphene oxide (GO) is derived [2]. GO is a single layer of...

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Advanced Materials and Processes (ZMP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Institute of Advanced Materials and Processes (ZMP), Dr.-Mack-Str. 81, Fürth, 90762, Germany

    Siegfried Eigler

Authors
  1. Siegfried Eigler
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Siegfried Eigler .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Fiber and Textile Science, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan

    Shiro Kobayashi

  2. Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany

    Klaus Müllen

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Eigler, S. (2015). Graphene Oxide. In: Kobayashi, S., Müllen, K. (eds) Encyclopedia of Polymeric Nanomaterials. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29648-2_333

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