Skip to main content

Computing the “Holy Wisdom”

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Scientific Computing and Cultural Heritage

Part of the book series: Contributions in Mathematical and Computational Sciences ((CMCS,volume 3))

Abstract

The church of Hagia Sophia – from the Greek: □γία Σοϕία, “Holy Wisdom” – built on the orders of Emperor Justinianis from 532 to 537 (AD) is the most important building of an era which is generally characterised as the decline of the ancient world and the beginning of the mediaeval times. The building is well considered to be one of the most outstanding masterpieces of architecture in the world having an extensive influence on European and islamic architecture in general.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. 1.

    Further reading [7, 8, 11, 12, 21, 26].

  2. 2.

    Cf. [27].

  3. 3.

    Procopius, aedificia I 1,30; English citation: buildings, by H. B. Dewing, as printed in Vol. VII of the Loeb Classical Library edition of Procopius, published in 1940 Cambridge.

  4. 4.

    [13]. – For an overview see [18:47 ann. 3].

  5. 5.

    [24:73]. Cf. in general [25]. – Still unpublished: Schibille N (2004) Light in Early Byzantium: the Church of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople. Dissertation University of Cambridge. Cf. [18].

  6. 6.

    Promoted 1999–2001 by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) in the framework of the priority programme “theatricality” (Title: »Die Hagia Sophia Justinians in Konstantinopel als Schauplatz weltlicher und geistlicher Inszenierungen in der Spätantike«), under the shared responsability of W. C. Schneider (Darmstadt/Hildesheim) and R. H. W. Stichel (Darmstadt). – Cf. for the latest publications [3, 2123].

  7. 7.

    [3].

  8. 8.

    [11:185–217].

  9. 9.

    [11:126–127].

  10. 10.

    [20]. – For the reconstruction [22].

  11. 11.

    [17:67]. Cf. [11:79 fig. 94].

  12. 12.

    [26:46 plates]: format: 58, 5 × 89 cm.

  13. 13.

    [14].

  14. 14.

    Cf. Svenshon – Stichel, Oktagramm, Svenshon – Stichel, Monads; [23].

  15. 15.

    Cf. Svenshon – Stichel, Monads.

  16. 16.

    Ibid.

  17. 17.

    [5:40] p. 45. “Different Measurings of Conches”.

  18. 18.

    Ibid. “Do like this: 8 from the diameter X 8 = 64, 11 × 64 = 704, 1/14 × 704 = 50 ¼ 1/28. That much is the surface of the conche.”

  19. 19.

    [4:XXII].

  20. 20.

    We used the macbethcal program from the radiance package to adjust color and brightness of photos of the different kind stones in the building so that we could use them for measurements and mapping.

  21. 21.

    For that the pictures in [17] were analysed as well as a huge amount of own on-site photographs.

  22. 22.

    [1, 2, 10, 15].

  23. 23.

    CIE 110-1994, see [19].

  24. 24.

    [10:499 seq].

  25. 25.

    High dynamic range, see [6] and [16:6 seq].

  26. 26.

    We have generated very different images from the same simulation results as well.

  27. 27.

    [6] and [16:6 seq].

  28. 28.

    [16:187 seq]. List of operators [16:table 8.1(p. 358)]. A good overview [6].

  29. 29.

    About the inner 1% of its field of view. For the operators see [9:7].

  30. 30.

    “Finally, the current method pays little attention to absolute color perception, which is strongly affected by global adaption and source color (i.e. white balance).” [9:33].

References

  1. Altmann K, Apian-Bennewitz P (2000) Studie zur Anwendung und Grenzen derzeitiger Programmtypen zur photo-realistischen Darstellung von Licht und Beleuchtung in der Architektur. http://www.pab-opto.de/radiance/render_vergleich/report1.pdf. Accessed 26 Oct 2009

  2. Geisler-Moroder D, Dür A (2008) Validation of radiance against CIE171:2006 and improved adaptive subdivision of circular light sources. http://www.radiance-online.org/radiance-workshop7/Content/Geisler-Moroder/RW2008_DGM_AD.pdf. Accessed 26 Oct 2009

  3. Hauck O, Noback A, Grobe L (2010) Das CAD-Modell der Hagia Sophia Justinians. In: Daim F, Drauschke J (eds) Byzanz – das Römerreich im Mittelalter. Monographien des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums 84(2, 1):97–111

    Google Scholar 

  4. Schoene H (ed) (1976) Hero Alexandrinus, Heronis Alexandrini opera quae supersunt omnia. Rationes dimetiendi et commentatio dioptrica//rec, vol 3. stereotypa ed. anni 1903. Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  5. Heiberg JL (ed) (1976) Hero Alexandrinus, Heronis Alexandrini opera quae supersunt omnia. Heronis quae feruntur stereometrica et de mensuris//copiis, vol 5. Guilelmi Schmidt usus ed. stereotypa ed. anni 1914. Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  6. Jacobs A (2007) High dynamic range imaging and its application in building research. Advances in building energy research 1/1:177–202. http://www.learn.londonmet.ac.uk/about/doc/jacobs_aber2007.pdf. Accessed 11 Aug 2009

  7. Kähler H (1967) Die Hagia Sophia. Mann, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  8. Kleinbauer EW, White A, Matthews H (2004) Hagia Sophia. Scala, London

    Google Scholar 

  9. Larson GW, Rushmeier H, Piatko C (1997) A visibility matching tone reproduction operator for high dynamic range scenes. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Gr 3(4):291–306, http://www.radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/papers/lbnl39882/tonemap.pdf (24.8.2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Larson GW, Shakespeare R (1998) Rendering with radiance: the art and science of lighting visualization. Kaufmann, San Francisco

    Google Scholar 

  11. Mainstone RJ (1988) Hagia sophia: architecture, structure and liturgy of Justinian‘s great church. Thames and Hudson, London

    Google Scholar 

  12. Mark R, Çakmak AŞ (eds) (1992) Hagia Sophia from the age of Justinian to the present. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge/Mass

    Google Scholar 

  13. Onasch K (1993) Lichthöhle und Sternenhaus. Licht und Materie im spätantik-christlichen und frühbyzantinischen Sakralbau. Verl. d. Kunst, Dresden

    Google Scholar 

  14. Veh O (ed) (1977) Prokopius: Werke, vol 5, Die Bauten. Wiss. Buchges, München

    Google Scholar 

  15. Reinhart CF, Andersen M (2006) Development and validation of a radiance model for a translucent panel. Energ Buildings 38(7):890–904

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Reinhard E, Larson GW, Pattanaik S, Debevec P (2006) High dynamic range imaging. Acquisition, display and image-based lighting, The Morgan Kaufmann series in computer graphics. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco

    Google Scholar 

  17. Salzenberg W (1854) Altchristliche Baudenkmale von Constantinopel auf Befehl Seiner Majestät des Königs aufgenommen und erläutert. Ernst & Korn, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  18. Schibille N (2005) The use of light in the church of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople: the church reconsidered. In: Draper P (ed) Current work in architectural history. Papers read at the annual symposium of the Society of Architectural Historians of Great Britain 2004:43–48

    Google Scholar 

  19. Schregle R (2004) Daylight simulation with photon maps. Diss Saarbrücken

    Google Scholar 

  20. Paulus Silentiarius, descriptio S. Sophiae et ambonis. In: Veh O (ed) (1977) Prokopius: Werke, vol 5: Die Bauten. Wiss. Buchges., München:306–375

    Google Scholar 

  21. Stichel RHW, Svenshon H (2008) Einblicke in den virtuellen Himmel. Neue und alte Bilder vom Inneren der Hagia Sophia in Istanbul. Wasmuth, Tübingen

    Google Scholar 

  22. Stichel RHW (2010) Die Hagia Sophia Justinians, ihre liturgische Einrichtung und der zeremonielle Auftritt des frühbyzantinischen Kaisers. In: Daim F, Drauschke J (ed) Byzanz – das Römerreich im Mittelalter. Monographien des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums 84(2–1):25–58

    Google Scholar 

  23. Svenshon H (2010) Das Bauwerk als aistheton soma. Eine Neuinterpretation der Hagia Sophia im Spiegel antiker Vermessungslehre und angewandter Mathematik. In: Daim F, Drauschke J (ed) Byzanz – das Römerreich im Mittelalter. Monographien des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums 84(2–1):59–98

    Google Scholar 

  24. Theis L (1999) Zur Geschichte der wissenschaftlichen Erforschung der Hagia Sophia. In: Hoffmann V (ed) Die Hagia Sophia in Istanbul. ‘Bilder aus sechs Jahrhunderten’ und Gaspare Fossatis Restaurierung der Jahre 1847–49. Katalog der Ausstellung im Bernischen Historischen Museum 12. Mai bis 11. Juli 1999. Lang, Bern:55–80

    Google Scholar 

  25. Theis L (2001) Lampen, Leuchten, Licht. In: Stiegemann C (ed) Byzanz: Licht aus dem Osten. Kult und Alltag im Byzantinischen Reich vom 4. bis 15. Jh. Katalog der Ausstellung Paderborn 2001. Zabern, Mainz:53–64

    Google Scholar 

  26. Van Nice RL (1965. 1986) Saint Sophia in Istanbul. An architectural survey. I + II. Dumbarton Oaks. Center for Byzantine Studies, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  27. Zaloziecky WR (1936) Die Sophienkirche in Konstantinopel und ihre Stellung in der Geschichte der abendländischen Architektur. In: Studi di antichità cristiana 12. Herder, Città del Vaticano

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Oliver Hauck .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Hauck, O., Noback, A., Grobe, L. (2013). Computing the “Holy Wisdom”. In: Bock, H., Jäger, W., Winckler, M. (eds) Scientific Computing and Cultural Heritage. Contributions in Mathematical and Computational Sciences, vol 3. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28021-4_22

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics