Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Psoriasis Models

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Pharmacological Assays

  • 520 Accesses

Abstract

Several authors reviewed the experimental models for psoriasis (Krueger and Jorgensen 1990; Boehncke 1997; Nickoloff 1999; Rosenberg et al. 1999; Schön 1999; Mizutani et al. 2003). In addition to studies in animals, various in vitro investigations were carried out with autopsy material from human psoriatic lesions. Several studies were devoted to the T cell hypothesis of psoriasis (Bos and de Rie 1999). Lymphocytes may change epidermal growth homeostasis, leading to increased keratinocyte proliferation and abnormal differentiation of these apoptotic cells that end their life cycle as corneocytes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

References and Further Reading

  • Abernethy NJ, Hagan C, Tan PL, Birchall NM, Watson JD (2000a) The peripheral lymphoid compartment is disrupted in flaky skin mice. Immunol Cell Biol 78:5–12

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Abernethy NJ, Hagan C, Tan PL, Watson JD (2000b) Dysregulated expression of CD69 and IL-2 receptor alpha and beta chains on CD8+ T lymphocytes in flaky skin mice. Immunol Cell Biol 78:596–602

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson DC, Kishimoto TK, Smith CW (1995) In: Scriver CR, Beaudet AL, Sly WS, Valle D (eds) Leukocyte adhesion deficiency and other disorders of leukocyte adherence and motility. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp 3955–3994

    Google Scholar 

  • Austin LM, Ozawa M, Kikuchi T, Walters IB, Krueger JG (1999) The majority of epidermal T cells in psoriasis vulgaris lesions can produce type 1 cytokines, interferon γ, interleukin-2, and tumor necrosis factor-α, defining TC1 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte) and TH1 effector populations: a type 1 differentiation bias in also measured in circulating blood T cells in psoriatic patients. J Invest Dermatol 113:752–759

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baker BS, Brent L, Valdimarsson H, Powles AV, Al-Imara L (1992) Is epidermal cell proliferation in psoriatic skin grafts on nude mice driven by T-cell cytokines? Br J Dermatol 126:105–110

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bata-Csörgö Z, Hammerberg C, Voorhees JJ, Cooper KD (1993) Flow cytometric identification of proliferative subpopulations within normal epidermis and the localization of the primary hyperproliferative population in psoriasis. J Exp Med 178:1271–1281

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bata-Csörgö Z, Hammerberg C, Voorhees JJ, Cooper KD (1995a) Intralesional T-lymphocyte activation as a mediator of psoriatic epidermal hyperplasia. J Invest Dermatol 105:895–945

    Google Scholar 

  • Bata-Csörgö Z, Hammerberg C, Voorhees JJ, Cooper KD (1995b) Kinetics and regulation of human keratinocyte stem cell growth in short-term primary ex vivo culture. Cooperative growth factors from psoriatic lesional T lymphocytes stimulate proliferation among psoriatic uninvolved, but not normal, stem keratinocytes. J Clin Invest 93:317–327

    Google Scholar 

  • Beamer W, Maltais L, Bernstein S (1986) Disturbed iron metabolism in flaky skin (fsn) mutant mice. Jackson Lab Ann Sci Report 1986:92

    Google Scholar 

  • Beamer WG, Pelsue SC, Shultz LD, Sundberg JP, Barker JE (1995) The flaky skin (fsn) mutation in mice: map localization and description of the anemia. Blood 86:3220–3226

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beyaert R, Schulze-Osthoff K, van Roy F, Fiers W (1992) Synergistic induction of interleukin-6 by tumor necrosis factor and lithium chloride in mice: possible role in the triggering and exacerbation of psoriasis by lithium treatment. Eur J Immunol 22:2181–2184

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blessing M, Schirmacher P, Kaiser S (1996) Overexpression of bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP-6) in the epidermis of transgenic mice: inhibition of stimulation of proliferation depending on the pattern of transgene expression and formation of psoriatic lesions. J Cell Biol 135:227–239

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boehncke WH (1997) Psoriasis im Tiermodell. Hautarzt 48:707–713

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boehncke WH, Stery W, Hainzl A, Scheffold W, Kaufmann R (1994) Psoriasiform architecture of murine epidermis overlying human psoriatic dermis. Arch Dermatol Res 286:325–330

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boehncke WH, Zollener TM, Dressel D, Kaufmann R (1997) Induction of psoriasiform inflammation by a bacterial superantigen in the SCID-hu xenogenic transplantation model. J Cutan Pathol 24:1–7

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boehncke WH, Kock M, Hardt-Weinelt K, Wolter M, Kaufmann R (1999) The SCID-hu xenogenic transplantation model allows screening of antipsoriatic drugs. Arch Dermatol Res 291:104–106

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bos JD, de Rie MA (1999) The pathogenesis of psoriasis: immunological facts and speculations. Immunol Today 20:40–46

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bosman B (1994) Testing of lipoxygenase inhibitors, cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors, drugs with immunomodulating properties and some reference antipsoriatic drugs in the modified mouse tail test, an animal model of psoriasis. Skin Pharmacol 7:324–334

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bosman B, Matthiessen T, Hess V, Friderichs E (1992) A quantitative method for measuring antipsoriatic activity of drugs by the mouse tail test. Skin Pharmacol 5:41–48

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boyman O, Hefti HP, Conrad C, Nickoloff BJ, Suter M, Nestle FO (2004) Spontaneous development of psoriasis in a new animal model shows an essential role for resident T cells and tumor necrosis factor-αα. J Exp Med 199:731–736

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Breban M, Fernandez-Sueiro JL, Richardson JA, Hadavand RR, Maika SD, Hammer RE, Taurog JD (1996) T cells, but not thymic exposure to HLA-B27 are required for the inflammatory disease of HLA-B27 transgenic rats. J Immunol 156:794–803

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brown WR, Hardy MH (1988) A hypothesis on the cause of chronic epidermal hyperproliferation in asebia mice. Clin Exp Dermatol 13:74–77

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brown WR, Furukawa RD, Ramsay CA (1988a) Circadian rhythms are suppressed in hyperproliferative mouse epidermis. Cell Tissue Kinet 21:159–167

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brown WR, Rogozinski TT, Ramsay CA (1988b) Anthralin and tar with UVB increase epidermal cell proliferation in asebia mice. Clin Exp Dermatol 13:248–251

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brown WR, Furukawa RD, Ramsay CA (1989) UVB radiation further stimulates proliferation in the already hyperproliferative epidermis of the asebia mouse. Arch Dermatol Res 281:366–367

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bullard DC, Scharffetter-Kochanek K, McArthur MJ, Chosay JG, McBride ME, Montgomery CA, Beaudet AL (1996) A polygenic mouse model of psoriasiform skin disease in CD18-deficient mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci 93:2116–2121

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carroll JM, Rosario RM, Watt FM (1995) Suprabasal integrin expression in the epidermis of transgenic mice results in developmental defects and a phenotype resembling psoriasis. Cell 83:957–968

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carroll JM, Crompton T, Seery JP, Watt FM (1997) Transgenic mice expressing IFN γ in the epidermis have eczema, hair hypopigmentation, and hair loss. J Invest Dermatol 108:412–422

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chapman ML, Dimitrijevivh SD, Hevelone JC, Goetz D, Cohen J, Wise G, Gracy RW (1990) Inhibition of psoriatic cell proliferation in in vitro skin models by amiprilose hydrochloride. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 26:991–996

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen C-L, Yull FE, Cardwell N, Singh N, Strayhorn WD, Nanney LB, Kerr LD (2000) RAG2–/–, IκB-α–/– chimeras display a psoriasiform skin disease. J Invest Dermatol 115:1124–1133

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chu A, Hong K, Berg EL, Ehrhardt RO (1999) Tissue specificity of E- and P-selectin ligands in Th1-mediated chronic inflammation. J Immunol 163:5086–5093

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cook PW, Piepkorn M, Clegg CH, Plowman GD, Demay JM, Brown JR, Pittelkow MR (1997) Transgenic expression of human amphiregulin gene induces a psoriasis-like phenotype. J Clin Invest 100:2286–2294

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cook PW, Pittelkow MR, Piepkorn M (1999) Overexpression of amphiregulin in the epidermis of transgenic mice induces a psoriasis-like cutaneous phenotype. J Invest Dermatol 113:860

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper KD (1994) Atopic dermatitis: recent trends in pathogenesis and therapy. J Invest Dermatol 102:128–137

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dam TN, Kang S, Nickoloff BJ, Voorhees JJ (1999) 1α,25-Dihydrocalciferol and cyclosporine suppress induction and promote resolution of psoriasis in human skin grafts transplanted on to SCID mice. J Invest Dermatol 113:1082–1089

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Denda M, Wood LC, Emami S, Calhoun C, Brown BE, Elias PM, Feingold KR (1996) The epidermal hyperplasia associated with repeated barrier disruption by acetone treatment or taps stripping cannot attributed to increased water loss. Arch Dermatol Res 288:230–238

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Detmar M, Brown LF, Claffey KP (1994) Overexpression of vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in psoriasis. J Exp Med 180:1141–1146

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Detmar M, Brown LF, Schön MP (1998) Increased microvascular density and enhanced leukocyte rolling and adhesion in the skin of VEGF transgenic mice. J Invest Dermatol 111:1–6

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Diaz BV, Lenoir MC, Ladoux A, Frelin C, Demarchez M, Michel S (2000) Regulation of vascular endothelium growth factor expression in human keratinocytes by retinoids. J Biol Chem 275:642–650

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dimon-Gadal S, Gerbaud P, Thérond P, Guibourdenche J, Anderson WB, Evain-Brion D, Raynaud F (2000) Increased oxidative damage to fibroblasts in skin with and without lesions in psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 114:984–989

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis CN, Varani J, Fisher GJ, Zeigler ME, Pershadsingh HA, Benson SC, Chi Y, Kurtz TW (2000) Troglitazone improves psoriasis and normalizes models of proliferative skin disease. Ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ inhibit keratinocyte proliferation. Arch Dermatol 136:609–616

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farkas A, Kemény L, Szöny BJ, Bata-Csörgö Z, Pivarcsi A, Kiss M, Széll M, Koreck A, Dobozy A (2001) Dithranol upregulates IL-10 receptors on the cultured human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. Inflamm Res 50:44–49

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fogh K, Iversen L, Herlin T, Kragballe K (1993) Modulation of eicosanoid formation by lesional skin of psoriasis: an ex vivo skin model. Acta Derm Venereol 73:191–193

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gates AH, Kasarek M (1965) Hereditary absence of sebaceous glands in the mouse. Science 148:1471–1473

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gilhar A, David M, Ullmann Y, Berkutski T, Kalish RS (1997) T-lymphocyte dependence of psoriatic pathology in human psoriatic skin grafted to SCID mice. J Invest Dermatol 109:283–288

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gillitzer R, Ritter U, Spandau U, Goebeler M, Brocker EB (1996) Differential expression of GROα and IL-8 mRNA in psoriasis. A model for neutrophil migration and accumulation in vivo. J Invest Dermatol 107:778–782

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gosh AK, Bhattacharyya S, Lakos G, Chen SJ, Mori Y, Varga J (2004) Disruption of transformation growth factor signaling and profibrotic responses in normal skin fibroblasts by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ. Arthritis Rheum 50:1305–1318

    Google Scholar 

  • Gottlieb S, Johnson R, Gilleaudeau P, Woodworth T, Nylen P, Gottlieb AB, Krueger JG (1994) A specific lymphocyte toxin (DAB389IL-2) reversed epidermal keratinocyte activation in psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 102:531

    Google Scholar 

  • Groves RW, Mizutani H, Kieffer JD, Kupper TS (1995) Inflammatory skin disease in transgenic mice that express high levels of interleukin 1α in basal epidermis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92:11874–11878

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guo L, Yu QC, Fuchs B (1993) Targeting expression of keratinocyte growth factor to keratinocytes elicits striking changes in epithelial differentiation in transgenic mice. EMBO J 12:973–986

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hager B, Bickenbach JR, Fleckman P (1999) Long-term culture of murine epidermal keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 112:971–976

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hammer RE, Maika SD, Richardson JA, Tang JP, Taurog JD (1990) Spontaneous inflammatory disease in transgenic rats expressing HLS-B27 and human β 2m: an animal model of HLA-B27 associated human disorders. Cell 63:1099–1112

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hanley K, Jiang Y, Crumrine D, Bass NM, Appel R, Elias PM, Williams ML, Feingold KR (1997) Activators of the nuclear receptors PPARa and FXR accelerate the development of the fetal epidermal permeability barrier. J Clin Invest 100:705–712

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hanley K, Jiang Y, He SS, Friedman M, Elias PM, Bikle DD, Williams ML, Feingold KR (1998) Keratinocyte differentiation is stimulated by activators of the nuclear hormone receptor PPARγ. J Invest Dermatol 110:368–375

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hanley K, Kömüves LG, Bass NM, He SS, Jian Y, Crumrine D, Appel R, Friedman M, Bettencort J, Min K, Elias PM, Williams ML, Feingold KR (1999) Fetal epidermal differentiation and barrier development in vivo is accelerated by nuclear hormone receptor activators. J Invest Dermatol 113:788–795

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hong K, Chu A, Ludviksson BR, Berg EL, Ehrhardt RO (1999) IL-12, independently of IFN-gamma, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of a murine psoriasis-like disorder. J Immunol 162:7480–7491

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hong G, Davis B, Khattoon N, Baker SF, Brown J (2003) PPARγ-dependent anti-inflammatory action of rosiglitazone in human monocytes: suppression of TNFα secretion is not mediated by PTEN regulation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 303:782–787

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jarrett A, Spearman RIG (1964) Psoriasis. In: Taverner D, Trounce J (eds) Histochemistry of the skin. University Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Josefowicz WJ, Hardy MH (1978) The expression of the gene asebia in the laboratory mouse. I. Epidermis and dermis. Genet Res 31:53–65

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Karvonen SL, Korkiamäki T, Ylä-Outinen H, Nissinen M, Teerikangas H, Pummi K, Karvonen J, Peltonen J (2000) Psoriasis and altered calcium metabolism: downregulated capacitative calcium influx and defective calcium-mediated signaling in cultured psoriatic keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 114:693–700

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kippenberger S, Loitsch SM, Grundmann-Kollmann M, Simon S, Dang TA, Hardt-Weinelt K, Kaufmann R, Bernd A (2001) Activators of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors protect human skin from ultraviolet-B-light induced inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 117:1430–1436

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klement JF, Rice NR, Car BD (1996) IκBα deficiency results in a sustained NF-κB response and widespread dermatitis in mice. Mol Cell Biol 16:2341–2349

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kojo H, Fukagawa M, Tajima K, Suzuki A, Fujimura T, Aramori I, Hayashi KI, Nishimura S (2003) Evaluation of human peroxisome-activated receptor (PPAR) subtype selectivity of a variety of anti-inflammatory drugs based on an novel assay for PPARδ (β). J Pharmacol Sci 93:347–355

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kömüves LG, Hanley K, Jiang Y, Elias PM, Williams ML, Feingold KR (1998) Ligands and activators of nuclear hormone receptors regulate epidermal differentiation during fetal rat skin development. J Invest Dermatol 111:429–433

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kömüves LG, Hanley K, Man MQ, Elias PM, Williams ML, Feingold KR (2000) Keratinocyte differentiation in hyperproliferative epidermis: topical application of PPARα activators restore tissue homeostasis. J Invest Dermatol 115:361–367

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Konger RL, Malaviya R, Pentland AP (1998) Growth regulation of primary human keratinocytes by prostaglandin E receptor EP2 and EP3 subtypes. Biochim Biophys Acta/Mol Cell Res 1401:221–234

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krueger GG, Jorgensen CM (1990) Experimental models for psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 95:56S–58S

    Google Scholar 

  • Krueger GG, Manning DD, Malouf J, Ogden B (1975) Long-term maintenance of psoriatic human skin on congenitally athymic (nude) mice. J Invest Dermatol 64:307–312

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krueger GG, Wojciechowski ZJ, Burton SA, Gilhar A, Huether SE, Leonard LG, Rohr DU, Petelenz TJ, Higuchi WI, Pershing LK (1985) The development of a rat/human skin flap served a defined and accessible vasculature on a congenital athymic (nude) rat. Fundam Appl Toxicol 5:S112–S121

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kuenzli S, Saurat JH (2003a) Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in cutaneous biology. Br J Dermatol 149:229–236

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kuenzli S, Saurat JH (2003b) Effect of topical PPARβ/δ and PPARγ agonists on plaque psoriasis. Dermatology 206:252–256

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar S, Malick AW, Meltzer NM, Mouskountakis JD, Behl CR (1992) Studies of in vitro skin permeation and retention of a leukotriene antagonist from topical vehicles with a hairless guinea pig model. J Pharm Sci 81:631–634

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kunstfeld R, Lechleitner S, Groper M, Wolff K, Petzelbauer P (1997) HECA-453+ T cells migrate through superficial vascular plexus but not through deep vascular plexus endothelium. J Invest Dermatol 108:343–348

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kunstfeld R, Hirakawa S, Hong YK, Schacht V, Lange-Asschenfeldt B, Velasco P, Lin C, Fiebiger E, Wei X, Wu Y, Hicklin D, Bohlen P, Detmar M (2004) Induction of cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions in VEGF-A transgenic mice results in chronic skin inflammation associated with persistent lymphatic hyperplasia. Blood 104:1048–1057

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leung DM (1997) Atopic dermatitis: immunobiology and treatment with immune modulators. Clin Exp Immunol 107:25–30

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lin X, Wilkinson DI, Huang T, Farber EM (1999) Experimental studies on topoisomerase inhibitor camptothecin as an antipsoriatic agent. Chin Med J 112:504–508

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Man MQ, Feingold KR, Elias PM (1993) Exogenous lipids influence permeability barrier recovery in acetone-treated murine skin. Arch Dermatol 129:728–738

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mani I, Iversen L, Ziboh VA (1999) Evidence of nuclear PVK/MAP-kinase cascade in guinea pig model of epidermal hyperproliferation. J Invest Dermatol 112:42–48

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mann GB, Fowler KJ, Gabriel A (1993) Mice with a null mutation of the TGF-a gene have abnormal skin architecture, wavy hair, and curly whiskers and often develop corneal inflammation. Cell 73:249–261

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Medalie DA, Eming SA, Tompkins RG, Yarmush ML, Krueger GG, Morgan JR (1996) Evaluation of human skin reconstituted from composite grafts of cultured keratinocytes and human acellular dermis transplanted to athymic mice. J Invest Dermatol 107:121–127

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer LJ (1990) Psoriasis: the application of genetic technology and mapping. J Invest Dermatol 95:5S–6S

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller CC, Ziboh VA (1990) Induction of epidermal hyperproliferation by topical n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on guinea pig skin linked to decreased levels of 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE). J Invest Dermatol 94:353–358

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mils V, Basset-Seguin N, Moles JP, Tesniere A, Leigh I, Guilhou JJ (1994) Comparative analysis of normal and psoriatic skin both in vivo and in vitro. Differentiation 58:77–86

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miyazaki M, Kim YC, Gray-Keller MP, Attie AD, Ntambi JM (2000) The biosynthesis of hepatic cholesterol esters and triglycerides in impaired in mice with a disruption of the gene for stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1. J Biol Chem 275:30132–30138

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mizutani H, Yamanaka K, Konishi H, Murakami T (2003) Animal models of psoriasis and pustular psoriasis. Arch Dermatol Res 295(Suppl1):S67–S68

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mollison KW, Fey TA, Gauvin DM, Kolano RM, Sheets MP, Smith ML, Pong M, Nikolaidis NM, Lane BC, Trevillyan JM, Cannon J, Marsh K, Carter GW, Or Y-S, Chen Y-W, Hsieh GC, Luly JR (1999) A macrolactam inhibitor of T helper type 1 and T helper type 2 cytokine biosynthesis for topical treatment of inflammatory skin diseases. J Invest Dermatol 112:729–738

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morimoto Y, Saga K, Bando M, Takahashi M (1991) In vitro DNA synthesis of keratinocytes in normal human skin, seborrhoeic keratosis, Bowen’s disease and basal cell carcinoma. Br J Dermatol 125:9–13

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morita K, Hogan ME, Nanney LB, King LE, Manabe M, Sundberg JP (1995) Cutaneous ultrastructural features of the flaky skin (fsn) mouse mutation. J Dermatol 22:385–395

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Muga SJ, Thuillier P, Pavone A, Rundhaug JE, Boeglin WE, Jisaka M, Brash AR, Fischer SM (2000) 8S-Lipoxygenase products activate peroxisome-activated receptor α and induce differentiation in murine keratinocytes. Cell Growth Differ 11:447–454

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nagakuma H, Kambara T, Yamamoto T (1995) Rat ultraviolet ray B photodermatitis: an experimental model of psoriasis vulgaris. Int J Exp Pathol 76:65–73

    Google Scholar 

  • Nagano K, Hori K, Nagane T, Sugarawa T, Ohishi J, Hayashi H, Watanabe N, Niitsu Y (1990) Effect of tumor necrosis factor in the mouse-tail model of psoriasis. Arch Dermatol Res 282:459–462

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Naik SM, Cannon G, Burbach GJ, Singh SR, Swerlick RA, Wilcox JN, Ansel JC, Caughman SW (1999) Human keratinocytes constitutively express interleukin-18 and secrete biologically active interleukin-18 after treatment with pro-inflammatory mediators and dinitrochlorobenzene. J Invest Dermatol 131:766–772

    Google Scholar 

  • Nanney LB, Sundberg JP, King LE (1996) Increased epidermal growth factor receptor in fsn/fsn mice. J Invest Dermatol 106:1169–1174

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nickoloff BJ (1999) Animal models of psoriasis. Expert Opin Invest Drugs 8:393–401

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nickoloff BJ (2000) The search for pathogenic T cells and the genetic basis of psoriasis using a severe combined immunodeficient mouse model. Cutis 65:110–114

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nickoloff BJ, Wrone-Smith T (1999) Injection of pre-psoriatic skin with CD4+ cells induces psoriasis. Am J Pathol 155:145–158

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nickoloff BJ, Kunkel SL, Burdick M, Strieter RM (1995) Severe combined immunodeficiency mouse and human psoriatic skin chimeras. Am J Pathol 146:580–588

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nickoloff BJ, Wrone-Smith T, Bohnisch B, Porcelli SA (1999) Response of murine and normal human skin to injection of allogenic blood-derived immunocytes: Detection of T cells expressing receptors typically present on natural killer cells, including CD94, CD158, and CD161. Arch Dermatol 135:546–552

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nylander-Lundqvist E, Egelrud T (1997a) Biologically active, alternatively processed interleukin-1β in psoriatic scales. Eur J Immunol 27:2165–2171

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nylander-Lundqvist E, Egelrud T (1997b) Formation of active IL-1β from pro-IL-1β catalyzed by stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme in vitro. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh) 77:203–206

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nylander-Lundqvist E, Companjen AR, Prens EP, Egelrud T (1998) Biological activity of human epidermal interleukin-1beta: comparison with recombinant human interleukin-1beta. Eur Cytokine Netw 9:41–46

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ockenfels HM, Nussbaum G, Schultewolter T, Burger PM, Goos M (1995) Cyclosporin A FK506, and dithranol after tyrosine-specific protein phosphorylation in HaCaT keratinocytes. Arch Dermatol Res 287:304–309

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ockenfels HM, Wagner SM, Keim-Maas C, Funk R, Nussbaum G, Goos M (1996) Lithium and psoriasis: cytokine modulation of cultured lymphocytes and psoriatic keratinocytes by lithium. Arch Dermatol Res 288:173–178

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Or YS, Clark RF, Xie Q, McAlpine J, Whittern DN, Henry R, Luly JR (1993) The chemistry of ascomycin: Structure determination and synthesis of pyrazole analogues. Tetrahedron 49:8771–8786

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oran A, Marshall JS, Kondo S, Paglia D, McKenzie RC (1997) Ciclosporin inhibits intracellular adhesion molecule-1 expression and reduces mast cell numbers in the asebia model of chronic skin inflammation. Br J Dermatol 136:519–526

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Parimoo S, Zheng Y, Eilertsen K, Ge L, Prouty S, Sundberg J, Stenn K (1999) Identification of a novel SCD gene and expression of the SCD gene family in mouse skin. J Invest Dermatol Symp Proc 4:320–322

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pelsue SC, Schweitzer PA, Schweitzer IB, Christianson SW, Gott B, Sundberg JP, Beamer WG, Shultz LD (1998) Lymphadenopathy, elevated serum IgE levels, autoimmunity, and mast cell accumulation in flaky skin mutant mice. Eur J Immunol 28:1379–1388

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Raychaudhuri SP, Dutt S, Raychaudhuri SK, Sanyal M, Farber EM (2001) Severe combined immunodeficiency mouse – human skin chimeras: a unique animal model for the study of psoriasis and cutaneous inflammation. Br J Dermatol 144:931–939

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Raychaudhuri SP, Sanyal M, Weltman H, Kundu-Raychaudhuri S (2004) K252, a high-affinity nerve growth factor receptor blocker, improves psoriasis: an in vivo study using the severe combined immunodeficient mouse-human skin model. J Invest Dermatol 122:812–819

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rivier M, Safonova I, Lebrun P, Griffith CEM, Ailhaud G, Michel S (1998) Differential expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor subtypes during the differentiation of human keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 111:1116–1121

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Robles AJ, Larcher F, Whalin RB (1996) Expression of cyclin D1 in epithelial tissue of transgenic mice results in epidermal hyperproliferation and severe thymic hyperplasia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93:7634–7638

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez-Villanueva J, Greenhalgh D, Wang X-J, Bundman D, Cho S, Delhedde M, Roop D, McDonnell TJ (1998) Human keratin-1.bcl-2 mice aberrantly express keratin 6, exhibit reduced sensitivity to keratinocyte cell death induction, and are sensible to skin tumor formation. Oncogene 16:853–863

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg EW, Noah PW, Skinner RB Jr (1999) Animal models of psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 113:427

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenfield RL, Deplewski D, Greene ME (2000) Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and skin development. Horm Res 54:269–274

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rothnagel JA, Longley MA, Bundman D, Greenhalgh DA, Dominey AM, Roop DR (1990) Targeting gene expression to the epidermis of transgenic mice: potential applications to genetic skin disorders. J Invest Dermatol 95:59S–81S

    Google Scholar 

  • Sakamoto J, Kimura H, Moriyama S, Odaka H, Momose Y, Sugiyama Y, Sawada H (2000) Activation of human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) subtypes by pioglitazone. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 278:704–711

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sampson JH, Raman A, Karlsen G, Navsaria H, Leigh IM (2001) In vitro keratinocyte antiproliferant effect of Centella asiatica extract and triterpenoid saponins. Phytomedicine 8:230–235

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Santamaria LF, Torres R, Giménez-Arnau AM, Giménez-Camarasa JM, Ryder H, Palacios JM, Beleta J (1999) Rolipram inhibits staphylococcal enterotoxin B-mediated induction of the human skin-homing receptor on T lymphocytes. J Invest Dermatol 113:82–86

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schön MP (1999) Animal models of psoriasis – what can we learn from them? J Invest Dermatol 112:405–410

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schön MP, Parker CM (1997) A T cell initiated murine model of inflammatory skin lesions. Retinoids Lipid-Soluble Vitamins Clin Pract 13:128–131

    Google Scholar 

  • Schön MP, Detmar M, Parker CM (1997) Murine psoriasis-like disorder induced by naive CD4+ T cells. Nat Med 3:183–188

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schön M, Denzer D, Kubitza RC, Ruicka T, Schön MP (2000a) Critical role of neutrophils for the generation of psoriasiform skin lesions in flaky skin mice. J Invest Dermatol 114:976–983

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schön MP, Schön M, Warren HB, Donohue JP, Parker CM (2000b) Cutaneous inflammatory disorder in integrin alpha E (CD103)-deficient mice. J Immunol 165:6583–6589

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schön M, Behmenburg C, Denzer D, Schön MP (2001) Pathogenic function of IL-1 beta in psoriasiform skin lesions of flaky skin (fsn/fsn) mice. Clin Exp Immunol 123:505–510

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sebök B, Szabados T, Kerényi M, Schneider I, Mahrle G (1996) Effect of fumaric acid, its dimethylester, and topical antipsoriatic drugs on epidermal differentiation in the mouse tail model. Skin Pharmacol 9:99–103

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sebök B, Bonnekoh B, Kerenyi M, Gollnick H (2000) Tazarotene induces epidermal cell differentiation in the mouse tail test used as an animal model for psoriasis. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol 13:285–291

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Segaert S, Garmyn M, Degreef H, Bouillon R (2000) Suppression of vitamin D receptor and induction of retinoid X receptor a expression during squamous differentiation of cultured keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 114:494–501

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seitz CS, Lin Q, Deng H, Khavari PA (1998) Alterations on NF-κB function in transgenic epithelial tissue demonstrates a growth inhibitory role for NF-κB. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:2307–2312

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sellheyer K (1996) Transgene Mäuse als Modelle für Hautkrankheiten. Hautarzt 47:475–476

    Google Scholar 

  • Skehan P, Storeng R, Scudiero D, Monks A, McMahon I, Vistica D, Warren JT, Bokesch H, Kenney S, Boyd MR (1990) New colorimetric cytotoxicity assay for anticancer-drug screening. J Natl Cancer Inst 82:1107–1112

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith KJ, Dipreta E, Skelton H (2001a) Peroxisomes in dermatology. Part I. J Cutan Med Surg 5:231–243

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith KJ, Dipreta E, Skelton H (2001b) Peroxisomes in dermatology. Part II. J Cutan Med Surg 5:315–322

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sugai J, Iizuka M, Kawakubo Y, Ozawa A, Ohkido M, Ueyama Y, Tamaoki M, Inokuchi S, Shimamura K (1998) Histological and immunocytochemical studies of human psoriatic lesions transplanted onto SCID mice. J Dermatol Sci 17:85–92

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sundberg PJ, Beamer WG, Shultz LD, Dunstan RW (1990) Inherited mouse mutations as models of human adnexal, cornification, and papulosquamous dermatoses. J Invest Dermatol 95:62S–63S

    Google Scholar 

  • Sundberg JP, Boggees D, Sundberg BA, Beamer WG, Shultz LD (1993) Epidermal dendritic cell populations in the flaky skin mutant mouse. Immunol Invest 22:389–401

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sundberg JP, Dunstan RW, Roop DR, Beamer WG (1994a) Full-thickness skin grafts from flaky skin mice to nude mice: maintenance of the psoriatiform phenotype. J Invest Dermatol 102:781–788

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sundberg JP, Boggess D, Shultz LD, Beamer WG (1994b) The flaky skin (fsn) chromosome? In: Sundberg JD (ed) Handbook of mouse mutations with skin, hair and abnormalities. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 253–268

    Google Scholar 

  • Sundberg JP, France M, Boggess D, Sundberg BA, Jenson AB, Beamer WG, Shultz LD (1997) Development and progression of psoriasiform dermatitis and systemic lesions in the flaky skin (fsn) mouse mutant. Pathobiology 65:271–286

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sundberg JP, Boggess D, Sundberg BA, Eilertsen K, Parimoo S, Filippi M, Stenn K (2000) Asebia-2J (Scd1(ab2J)): a new allele and a model for scarring alopecia. Am J Pathol 156:2067–2075

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Szabo SK, Hammerberg C, Yoshida Y, Bata-Csörgö Z, Cooper KD (1998) Identification and quantitation of interferon-gamma producing T cells in psoriatic lesions: localization to both CD4+ and CD8+ subsets. J Invest Dermatol 111:1072–1078

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tan NS, Michalik L, Noy N, Yasmin R, Pacot C, Heim M, Flühmann B, Desvergne B, Wahli W (2001) Critical roles of PPARβ/δ in keratinocyte response to inflammation. Genes Dev 15:3263–3277

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taurog JD, Maika SD, Simmons WA, Breban M, Hammer RE (1993) Susceptibility to inflammatory disease in HLA-B27 transgenic rat lines correlates with the levels of B27 expression. J Immunol 150:4168–4178

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taurog JD, Richardson JA, Croft JT (1994) The germfree state prevents development of gut and joint inflammatory disease in HLA-B27 transgenic rats. J Exp Med 180:2359–2364

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taurog JD, Maika SD, Satumtira M, Dorris ML, McLean IL, Yanagisawa H, Sayad A, Stagg AJ, Fox GM, Le-O’Brien A, Rehman M, Zhou M, Weiner AL, Splawski JB, Richardson JA, Hammer RE (1999) Inflammation disease in HLA-B27 transgenic rats. Immunol Rev 169:209–223

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor-Papadimitriou J, Purkis P, Lane BE, McKay L, Chang SE (1982) Effects of SV40 transformation on the cytoskeleton and behavioural properties of human keratinocytes. Cell Differ 11:169–180

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thuillier P, Brash AR, Kehrer JP, Stimmel JB, Leesnitzer LM, Yang P, Newman RA, Fischer SM (2002) Inhibition of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-mediated keratinocyte differentiation by lipoxygenase inhibitors. Biochem J 366:901–910

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ting KM, Rothaupt D, McCormick TS, Hammerberg C, Chen G, Gilliam AC, Stevens S, Culp L, Cooper KD (2000) Overexpression of the oncofetal Fn variant containing the EDA splice-in segment in the dermal-epidermal junction of psoriatic uninvolved skin. J Invest Dermatol 114:706–711

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Turksen K, Kupper T, Degenstein L, Williams I, Fuchs E (1992) Interleukin 6: insights to its function by overexpression in transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 89:5068–5072

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tuzun B, Tuzun Y, Gurel N, Tuzuner N, Altug T, Buyukdevrim S (1993) Psoriasis lesions in guinea pigs receiving propranolol. Int J Dermatol 32:133–134

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Uyemura K, Yamamura M, Fivenson DF, Modlin RK, Nickoloff BJ (1993) The cytokine network in lesional and lesion-free psoriatic skin is characterized by a T-helper cell-mediated response. J Invest Dermatol 101:701–705

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Westergaard M, Henningsen J, Johansen C, Rasmussen S, Svendsen ML, Jensen UB, Schrøder HD, Stacls B, Iversen L, Bolund R, Kragballe K, Kristiansen K (2003) Expression and localization of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and nuclear factor κB in normal and lesional psoriatic skin. J Invest Dermatol 121:1104–1117

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson JB, Weinberg W, Johnson R, Yuspa S, Levine AJ (1990) Expression of the BNLF-1 oncogene of Epstein-Barr virus in the skin of transgenic mice induces hyperplasia and aberrant expression of keratin 6. Cell 61:1315–1327

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson RW, Ballantyne CM, Smith CW, Montgomery C, Bradley A, O’Brien WE, Beaudet AL (1993) Integrin beta 2: gene targeting yields a CD18-mutant mouse for study of inflammation. J Immunol 151:1571–1578

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wolf R, Shechter H, Brenner S (1994) Induction of psoriasiform changes in guinea pig by propranolol. Int J Dermatol 33:811–814

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Worm M, Herz U, Krah JM, Renz H, Henz BM (2001) Effects of retinoids on in vitro and in vivo IgE production. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 124:233–236

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wrone-Smith T, Nickoloff BJ (1996) Dermal injection of immunocytes induces psoriasis. J Clin Invest 98:1878–1887

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Xia YP, Li B, Hylton D, Detmar M, Yancopoulos GD, Rudge JS (2003) Transgenic delivery of VEGF to mouse skin leads to an inflammatory condition resembling human psoriasis. Blood 102:161–168

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yamamoto T, Matsuuchi M, Katayama I, Nishioka K (1998) Repeated subcutaneous injection of staphylococcal enterotoxin B-stimulated lymphocytes retains epidermal thickness of psoriatic skin graft onto severe combined immunodeficient mice. J Dermatol Sci 17:8–14

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zeigler M, Chi Y, Tumas DB, Bodary S, Tang H, Varani J (2001) Anti-CD11a ameliorated disease in the human psoriatic skin-SCID mouse transplant model: comparison of antibody to CD11a with cyclosporin A and clobetasol propionate. Lab Invest 81:1253–1261

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zheng Y, Eilertsen KJ, Ge L, Zhang L, Sundberg JP, Prouty SM, Stenn KS, Parimoo S (1999) Scd1 is expressed in sebaceous glands and is disrupted in the asebia mouse. Nat Genet 23:268–270

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zheng Y, Prouty SM, Harmon A, Sundberg JP, Stenn KS, Parimoo S (2001) Scd3 – a novel gene of the stearoyl-CoA desaturase family with restricted expression in the skin. Genomics 71:182–191

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou J, Wilson KM, Medh JD (2002) Genetic analysis of four novel peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ splice variants in monkey macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 293:274–283

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zollner TM, Podda M, Pien C, Elliott PJ, Kaufmann R, Boehncke WH (2002) Proteosome inhibition reduces superantigen-mediated T cell activation and the severity of psoriasis in a SCID-hu model. J Clin Invest 109:671–679

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, UC San Francisco, 90 Medical Center Way, Surge 110, 0989, 94143-0989, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Howard Maibach

Authors
  1. Howard Maibach
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Howard Maibach .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dieburg, Germany

    Franz J. Hock

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this entry

Cite this entry

Maibach, H. (2015). Psoriasis Models. In: Hock, F. (eds) Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Pharmacological Assays. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27728-3_97-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27728-3_97-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-27728-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Biomedicine and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation