Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Role of the State in the Realisation of the Right to Housing

Special Reference to Subsidised Housing

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Ways of Federalism in Western Countries and the Horizons of Territorial Autonomy in Spain

  • 830 Accesses

Abstract

Projection of the social state onto a decentralised territorial model entails a degree of homogenisation, insofar as real equality cannot be achieved without some territorial equivalence in levels of assistance. The diversity of actions that Autonomous Communities (ACs) can undertake in this area must therefore be reconciled with the uniformity arising out of the reality of the state where they participate.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. 1.

    Ruiz-Rico (2002), p. 29.

  2. 2.

    Garrido (2004), pp. 369 et seq.

  3. 3.

    See Naredo and Montiel Márque (2010).

  4. 4.

    Trilla (2010), pp. 134 et seq.

  5. 5.

    Muñoz Castillo (2000), p. 360.

  6. 6.

    Betrán Abadia (2005), p. 5 et seq.

  7. 7.

    SSTC 152/1988, of 20 July 59/1995.

  8. 8.

    STC 152, 1988, of 20 July (FJ 2).

  9. 9.

    See the study on qualified financing by Muñoz Castillo (2000), pp. 181 et seq, ob. cit.

  10. 10.

    The years leading up to the passing of the Constitution saw an important shift in the system of financing housing policy. The compulsory investment coefficient was excluded—in other words, savings banks and other financial institutions were no longer obliged to devote a given part of their funds to housing loans. The new system, which has survived to the present, is based on agreements between the state government and the financial institutions.

  11. 11.

    Royal Decree—Law 31/1978, of 31 October opened the door to personalised economic assistance (assistance under previous promotional legislation had traditionally gone to the construction rather than the buyer). The Plan for 1981–1983 included these personalised subsidies that were further developed in the 1984–1987 plan, which now referred to qualified loans, subsidies on interest of these loans and personal subsidies. Following Decrees 1.494/1987, of 4 December 1987 on financing and Decree 224/1989, of 3 March 1989 on financing which established open-ended measures, the 1992–1995 Housing Plan, in keeping with the guidelines of the two previous state plans, established a system that was to form the framework where subsequent housing plans would operate. The system of qualified financing was maintained from that moment on, although with some significant technical and substantive modifications. The following forms of financing were established:

    • Qualified loans. Awarded by financial institutions under the aegis of agreements signed with the Ministry of Public Works and Transport.

    • Direct economic assistance. Subsidies for qualified loans and personal grants.

  12. 12.

    Beltrán De Felipe (2000), p. 49. Iglesias Gonzalez (2000), pp. 98 et seq.

  13. 13.

    Corcuera Atienza (1997), pp. 49 et seq. Tornos Mas (1994), pp. 71 et seq.

  14. 14.

    The Basque Country and Navarre, with their own special system of financing, are not party to this system.

  15. 15.

    Jiménez De Cisneros Cid (1994), p. 242.

  16. 16.

    Jiménez De Cisneros Cid (1994), p. 238, op cit.

  17. 17.

    Beltrán De Felipe (2000), p. 55, op. cit.

  18. 18.

    RD 1/2002, Article 43.

  19. 19.

    Roca (2010), pp. 219 et seq.

  20. 20.

    This has been the case for many years: one example is the so-called Salmón Act of 1935. See Muñoz and Sambricio (2008), p. 29 et seq.

  21. 21.

    Inter alia, see the following studies on Article 149.1.1 of the Constitution: Pemán Gavín (1992). Baño Leon (1988). Tudela Aranda (1994). Barnes Vazquez (2004). Aja (1992).

  22. 22.

    Among other rulings, see: STC 87/1985 (FJ8a), STC 38/1988 (FJ25a), STC 136/1991 (FJ1a), etc.

  23. 23.

    The right to housing is again referred to in Article 4 a) of the State Land Act.

  24. 24.

    Article 98.3 of the codifying legislation of the 1992 Land Act states that, “Should the general planning classify land intended for the construction of subsidised housing or any other regime of public protection, it shall consider this classification as a specific use, and shall apply to it the weighting coefficient which, with justification and in coordination with the property valuation criteria, expresses its value in relation to the characteristic of the area of distribution in which it is included” Ruling 61/1997 declared this article (FJ 24.d.) to be unconstitutional, arguing that its purpose was “to regulate one of the elements of typical usage, despite the fact that the clear connection with the indirect and related promotion of subsidised housing does not have the virtue of drawing basic regulation in this matter towards Art. 149.1.13 of the Constitution, especially when the autonomous communities have assumed powers on spatial planning, urban planning and housing, a more directly involved ownership which, in this case, must take precedence.”

  25. 25.

    Article 19.2 establishes that the following text must be stated in land disposal deeds:

    “a) The planning classification of the land, when it is not subject to private use or building; includes buildings outside planning regulations [fuera de ordenación] or is zoned for the construction of homes subject to some regime of public protection that makes it possible to fix the maximum price of sale, rental or other form of access to housing.”

    As for the classification of this land, Article 39.2. establishes that:

    “Land acquired by an administration by virtue of the duty referred to in Article 16, Section 1 b), that is assigned to the construction of homes subject to some regime of public protection that makes it possible to fix the maximum price of sale, rental or other form of access to the housing, which cannot be allocated, either in this conveyance or in successive ones, for a price greater than that of the maximum passing-on value [valor máximo de repercusión] of the land on the type of dwelling in question, in accordance with its regulatory legislation. This limitation shall be stated in the administrative record and in the deed or contract of disposal.

  26. 26.

    Temporary Provision I of the Land Act.

  27. 27.

    F. Iglesias González: “El nuevo plan de vivienda 2009–2012 y sus efectos sobre el urbanismo; en especial, las reservas de suelo para vivienda protegida” en ….p. 63 et seq.

  28. 28.

    Ponce (2006).

  29. 29.

    Title I of Royal Decree 2066/2008, of 12 December 2008, governing the State Housing and Rehabilitation Plan 2009–2012 regulates the general conditions (especially in Articles 3 to 10 of the Decree).

  30. 30.

    This regulation must be established by law and not by a regulatory order, since, inter alia, it will affect the property regime of these homes.

  31. 31.

    In terms of the formula of ownership (property, rental, building rights) and the beneficiaries, they must be targeted at different groups: elderly people, young people, immigrants, etc.

  32. 32.

    Pisarello (2001), pp. 29–51.

  33. 33.

    This concept has been developed and given a certain legal status in France. See Brouant (2006), p. 145 et seq.

  34. 34.

    Civitarese (2010), p. 106.

  35. 35.

    Ruling No. 94 of 2007.

  36. 36.

    Ruling No. 451 of 2006.

References

  • AJA, E.: “El artículo 149.1.1a de la Constitución como cláusula de cierre del principio desigualdad social” in VVAA, La función del artículo 149.1.1a de la CE en el sistema de distribución de competencias. Institut d´Estudis Autonomics, Barcelona, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  • BAÑO LEON, J. M.: Las autonomías territoriales y el principio de unificación de las condiciones de vida, INAP, Madrid, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  • BARNES VAZQUEZ, J.: Problemas y perspectivas del artículo 149.1.1a CE, IEA, Barcelona, 2004

    Google Scholar 

  • BELTRÁN DE FELIPE, M.: La intervención administrativa en la vivienda. Aspectos competenciales, de policía y de financiación de las viviendas de protección oficial, Ed. Lex Nova, 2000, p. 49

    Google Scholar 

  • BETRÁN ABADIA, R.: “Sobre vivienda, urbanismo y ciudad”, in Acciones e investigaciones sociales, No. 21, 2005, p. 5 et seq

    Google Scholar 

  • J. P. BROUANT: “La cohesión social y el derecho urbanístico: ¿Hay espacio para la regulación legal en Francia?, in Derecho urbanístico, vivienda y cohesión social y territorial J. Ponce (Coord.), Marcial Pons, Madrid 2006. p. 145 et seq.

    Google Scholar 

  • CIVITARESE, S.: “La política de vivienda en Italia” in Construyendo el derecho a la vivienda, F. LOPEZ RAMON (Coord.), Marcial Pons, Madrid, 2010, p. 106.

    Google Scholar 

  • CORCUERA ATIENZA, J.: “La participación intergubernamental sectorial en el sistema autonómico español: Las Conferencias Sectoriales”, in La participación de las CCAA en las decisiones del Estado. A. PEREZ GALDOS (Coord.), Tecnos-Inst. Navarro de Administración Pública, Madrid, 1997, pp. 49 et seq

    Google Scholar 

  • GARRIDO, P.: “El derecho a una vivienda digna y adecuada” en Los principios rectores de la política social y económica, J. TAJADURA (Coord.), Biblioteca Nueva, Madrid, 2004, pp. 369 et seq.

    Google Scholar 

  • IGLESIAS GONZALEZ, F: Administración Pública y Vivienda Ed. Montecorvo, Madrid, 2000. pp. 98 et seq

    Google Scholar 

  • JIMÉNEZ DE CISNEROS CID, F. J.: “La cooperación para la formulación y ejecución de planes de vivienda”, Documentación Administrativa, n. 240. 1994, p. 242

    Google Scholar 

  • R. MUÑOZ, S. SAMBRICIO: “La Ley Salmón de 1935 y el Madrid de la Segunda República”, Ilustración de Madrid, No. 9. 2008, p. 29 et seq

    Google Scholar 

  • MUÑOZ CASTILLO, J. M.: “El derecho a una vivienda digan y adecuada. Eficacia y ordención administrativa, Colex, Madrid, 2000, p. 360

    Google Scholar 

  • NAREDO, J. M. and MONTIEL MÁRQUE, A.: El modelo inmobiliario español y su culminación en el caso valenciano, Icaria Editorial, Barcelona, 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  • PEMÁN GAVÍN, J.M.: Igualdad de los ciudadanos y autonomías territoriales, Madrid: Prensas Universitarias, 1992

    Google Scholar 

  • PISARELLO, G.: “Del derecho a la vivienda al derecho a la ciudad: avatares de una historia” in El Derecho a la ciudad, Serie Derechos Humanos Emergentes 7, Instituts de Drets Humans de Caytalunya, Barcelona, 2001, pp.29–51

    Google Scholar 

  • J. PONCE (Coord.): Derecho Urbanístico, Vivienda y Cohesión Social y Territorial. Marcial Pons, Madrid, 2006

    Google Scholar 

  • ROCA, J.: “El marco urbanístico de la política de vivienda” in La política de vivienda en España, J: LEAL (Coord.), Ed. Pablo Iglesias, Madrid, 2010, pp. 219 et seq.

    Google Scholar 

  • RUIZ-RICO, G.: “El Estado social autonómico: Eficacia y alcance de las normas programatico-sociales de los Estatutos de Autonomía”, Revista española de Derecho Constitucional, n. 65–2002, p. 29.

    Google Scholar 

  • TORNOS MAS, J.: "Las Conferencias Sectoriales" in Documentación Administrativa, n. 240, 1994 pp. 71 et seq.

    Google Scholar 

  • TRILLA, C.:” Una reflexión sobre el modelo español de política de vivienda” in La política de vivienda en España, Ed. Pablo Iglesias, Madrid, 2010, pp. 134 et seq.

    Google Scholar 

  • TUDELA ARANDA, J.: Derechos Constitucionales y Autonomía Política, Civitas-IVAP, Madrid, 1994

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Constitutional Law and History of the Political Thought, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Campus of Sarriena, 644, Bilbao, 48080, Spain

    Pilar Garrido Gutiérrez

Authors
  1. Pilar Garrido Gutiérrez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Pilar Garrido Gutiérrez .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Fac. Social Sciences and Communication, University of the Basque Country, Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa - Bizkaia, 48940, Spain

    Alberto López Basaguren

  2. , Fac. Social Sciences and Communication, University of the Basque Country, Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa - Bizkaia, 48940, Spain

    Leire Escajedo San Epifanio

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Gutiérrez, P.G. (2013). The Role of the State in the Realisation of the Right to Housing. In: López Basaguren, A., Escajedo San Epifanio, L. (eds) The Ways of Federalism in Western Countries and the Horizons of Territorial Autonomy in Spain. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27720-7_42

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation