Abstract
Hydrogen is one of the most common impurities in electronics technology with profound and very versatile influence on the electronic characteristics of the semiconductor material. It is of special importance in the case of SiC. Due to the difficulties with bulk crystal growth and diffusion doping, in-growth doped homoepitaxial layers prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) play a crucial role in device processing. Hydrogen is, of course, a natural contaminant of such layers. Even though consequences of this fact have been anticipated, at the time of writing the most recent comprehensive review [1] about state of the art in SiC research, the information about the properties and effects of hydrogen was scarce and not well understood.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Fundamental Questions and Applications of SiC, ed. by W.J. Choyke, H. Matsunami, and G. Pensl (Wiley-VCH, Berlin 1997), special issue of Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 162 and (b) 202 (1997)
D.J. Larkin, P.G. Neudeck, J.A. Powell, and L.G. Matus: Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 1659 (1994)
W.J. Choyke and L. Patrick: Phys. Rev. Lett. 29, 355 (1972)
W.J. Choyke, L. Patrick, and P.J. Dean: Phys. Rev. B 9, 3214 (1974)
D.J. Larkin, S.G. Sridhara, R.P. Devaty, and W.J. Choyke: J. Electronic. Mater. 24, 289 (1995)
A. Schöner, K. Rottner, N. Nordell, M.K. Linnarson, C. Peppermüller, and R. Helbig: Diamond Relat. Mater. 6, 1293 (1997)
D.J. Larkin: Phys. Stat. Sol. (b) 202, 305 (1997)
J. Portman, C. Haug, R. Brenn, J. Schneider, K. Rottner, and R. Helbig: Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 155, 132 (1999)
M.K. Linnarson, J.P. Doyle, and B.G. Svensson: in III-Nitride, SiC and Diamond Materials for Electronic Devices, ed. by D. Gaskill, C.D. Brandt, and R.J. Nemanich, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. No. 423 (Material Research Society, Pittsburgh, 1996), p. 635
M. Janson, M.K. Linnarson, A. Hallén, and B.G. Svensson: in Hydrogen in Semiconductors and Metals, ed. by R.G. Leisure, Mater. Res. Symp. Proc. No. 513 (Material Research Society, Warrendale, 1998), p. 439
L. Patrick and W.J. Choyke: Phys. Rev. B 8, 1660 (1973)
R.A. Causey, J.D. Fowler, C. Revenbakht, T.S. Elleman, and K. Verhese: J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 61, 221 (1978)
M.K. Linnarson, M. Janson, and B.G. Svensson: Phys. Status Solidi B 210, 395 (1998)
N. Achtziger, J. Gillenberger, W. Witthuhn, M.K. Linnarson, M. Janson, and B.G. Svensson: Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 945 (1998)
F. Gendron, L.M. Porter, C. Porte, and E. Bringuier: Appl. Phys. Lett. 67, 1253 (1995)
B. Theys, F. Gendron, C. Porte, E. Bringuier, and C. Dolin: J. Appl. Phys. 82, 6346 (1997)
B. Clerjaud, F. Gendron, C. Porte, and W. Wilkening: Solid State Commun. 93, 463 (1995)
G.J. Gerardi, E.H. Pointdexter, and D.J. Keeble: Appl. Spectrosc. 50, 1428 (1996)
F. Ren, J.M. Grow, M. Bhaskaran, R.G. Wilson, and S.J. Pearton: J. Electron. Mater. 26, 198 (1996)
G. McDaniel, J.W. Lee, E.S. Lambers, S.J. Pearton, P.H. Holloway, F. Ren, J.M. Grow, M. Bashkaran, and R.G. Wilson: J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 15, 885 (1997)
A.O. Konstantinov, N.S. Konstantinova, O.I. Kon’kov, E.I. Terukov, and P.A. Ivanov: Fiz. Tekh. Poluprovodn. (Semiconductors 28, 209 (1994))
N. Achtziger, C. Hülsen, W. Witthuhn, M.K. Linnarson, M. Janson, and B.G. Svensson: Phys. Status Solidi B 210, 395 (1998)
T.E. Tiwald, J.A. Woollam, S. Zollner, J. Christiansen, R.B. Gregory, T. Wetteroth, S.R. Wilson, and A.R. Powell: Phys. Rev. B 60, 11464 (1999)
L.L. Clemen, W.J. Choyke, A.A. Burk, Jr., D.J. Larkin and J.A. Powell: Silicon Carbide and Related Materials, Proc. 5th Intl. Conf., Institute of Physics Conf. Series, No. 137 (Bristol, United Kingdom: IOP Publishing, 1993), p. 227
M.O. Aboelfotoh and J.P. Doyle: Phys. Rev. B 59, 10823 (1999)
S.K. Estreicher: Mater. Sci. Forum 148–149, 349 (1994)
C.H. Chu and S.K. Estreicher: Phys. Rev. B 42, 9486 (1990)
M.A. Roberson, and S.K. Estreicher: Phys. Rev. B 44, 10578 (1991)
G. Makov and M.C. Payne: Phys. Rev. B 51, 4014 (1995)
P. Deák, U. Gerstmann, R. Rurali, and B. Aradi: to be published
H.J. Monkhorst and J.K. Pack: Phys. Rev. B 13, 5188 (1976)
P. Hohenberg and W. Kohn: Phys. Rev. 136, 864B
W. Kohn and L.J. Sham: Phys. Rev. 140, A1133 (1965)
J.P. Perdew and A. Zunger: Phys. Rev. B 23, 5048 (1981)
G.A. Baraff and M. Schlüter: Phys. Rev. B 30, 1853 (1984)
M. Städele, M. Moukara, J.A. Majewski, P. Vogl, and A. Görling: Phys. Rev. B 59, 10031 (1999)
R. Dovesi, R. Orlando, C. Roetti, C. Pisani, and V.R. Saunders: in Computer Simulation of Materials at Atomic Level, Vol. 217 of Phys. Stat. Sol. (b), ed. by P. Deák, Th. Frauenheim, and M.R. Pederson (VILEY-VCH, Berlin, 2000), p. 63
N. Troullier and J.L. Martins: Phys. Rev. B 43, 1993 (1991)
M. Bockstedte, A. Kley, J. Neugebauer, and M. Scheffler: Comput. Phys. Commun. 107, 187 (1997)
R. Jones: Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 341, 351 (1992)
G.B. Bachelet, D.R. Hamann, and M. Schlüter: Phys. Rev. B 26, 4199 (1982)
V.R. Saunders, R. Dovesi, C. Roetti, M. Caus, N.M. Harrison, R. Orlando, and C.M. Zicovich-Wilson: CRYSTAL’98 User’s Manual (University of Torino, Torino 1998)
P. Durrand and J.C. Barthelat: Theor. Chim. Acta 38, 283 (1975)
B. Aradi, A. Gali, P. Deák, J.E. Lowther, N.T. Son, E. Janzén, and W.J. Choyke: Phys. Rev. B 63, 245202 (2001)
P. Deák, A. Gali, and B. Aradi: in European Conference on SiC and Related Materials 2000, ed. by G. Pensl, D. Stephani, and M. Hundhausen, Mater. Sci. Forum 353–356 (Trans. Tech. Publ., Switzerland, 2001) p. 421.
A. Gali, B. Aradi, P. Deák, W.J. Choyke, and N.T. Son: Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 4929 (2000)
J.E. Northrup, R.D. Felice, and J. Neugebauer: Phys. Rev. B 56, R4325 (1997)
M. Kaukonen, C.J. Fall, P.R. Briddon, R. Jones: unpublished
B. Aradi, A. Gali, P. Deák: to be published
B. Aradi, A. Gali, P. Deák, N.T. Son, and E. Janzén: Physica B 308–310, 722 (2001)
P. Deák, B. Aradi, A. Gali, and U. Gerstmann: Phys. Stat. Sol. (b) 235, 139 (2003)
B. Aradi, P. Deák, N.T. Son, E. Janzén, W.J. Choyke, and R.P. Devaty: Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 2746 (2001)
P. Deák, B. Aradi, and A. Gali: J. Phys. Condens. Matter 13, 11607 (2001)
B. Aradi, A. Gali, P. Deák, N.T. Son, and E. Janzén: in International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials, ed. by S. Yoshida, S. Nishino, H. Harima, and T. Kimoto, Mater. Sci. Forum 389–393 (Trans. Tech. Publ., Switzerland, 2002), p. 561
S.G. Sridhara, L.L. Clemen, R.P. Devaty, W.J. Choyke, D.J. Larkin, H.S. Kong, T. Troffer, and G. Pensl: J. Appl. Phys. 83, 7909 (1998)
M. Gong, C. V. Reddy, C.D. Beling, S. Fung, G. Brauer, H. Wirth, and W. Skorupa: Appl. Phys. Lett. 72, 2739 (1998)
B. Aradi, A. Gali, P. Deák, E. Rauls, Th. Frauenheim, and N.T. Son: D. Stephani, and M. Hundhausen, Mater. Sci. Forum 353–356 (Trans. Tech. Publ., Switzerland, 2001) ibid. [45], p. 455
H. Itoh, T. Troffer, C. Peppermüller, and G. Pensl: Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 1427 (1998)
A. Gali, B. Aradi, D. Heringer, W.J. Choyke, R.P. Devaty, and S. Bai: Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 237 (2002)
T.T. Petrenko, T.L. Petrenko, V.Y. Bratus and J.L. Monge: Physica B 308–310, 637 (2001)
A. Henry, B. Magnusson, M.K. Linnarsson, A. Ellison, M. Syväjärvi, R. Yakimova, and E. Janzén: D. Stephani, and M. Hundhausen, Mater. Sci. Forum 353–356 (Trans. Tech. Publ., Switzerland, 2001) ibid. [45], p. 373
M.K. Linnarson, U. Forsberg, M.S. Janson, E. Janzén, and B.G. Svensson: S. Nishino, H. Harima, and T. Kimoto, Mater. Sci. Forum 389–393 (Trans. Tech. Publ., Switzerland, 2002) ibid. [54], p. 565
M.S. Janson, M.K. Linnarson, A. Hallén, B.G. Svensson, N. Nordell, and S. Karlsson: Phys. Rev. B 61, 7195 (2000)
M.E. Samiji, A. Venter, M.C. Wagener, and A.W.R. Leitch: J. Phys. Condens. Matter 13, 9011 (2001)
M.K. Linnarson, A.L. Spetz, M.S. Janson, L.G. Ekdahl, S. Karlsson, A. Schöner, I. Lundström, and B.G. Svensson: in International Conference on SiC and Related Materials, ed. by J.C.H. Carter, R.P. Devaty, and G.S. Roher, Mater. Sci. Forum 338–342 (Trans. Tech. Publ., Switzerland, 2000), p. 937
C. Hülsen, N. Achtziger, U. Resilöhner, and W. Witthuhn: in International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials, ed. by C.H. Carter, R.P. Devaty, and G.S. Roher, Mater. Sci. Forum 338–342 (Trans. Tech. Publ., Switzerland, 2000), p. 929
M.S. Janson, A. Hallén, M.K. Linnarson, N. Nordell, S. Karlsson, and B.G. Svensson: D. Stephani, and M. Hundhausen, Mater. Sci. Forum 353–356 (Trans. Tech. Publ., Switzerland, 2001) ibid. [45], p. 353
M.S. Janson, A. Hallén, M.K. Linnarson, and B.G. Svensson: Phys. Rev. B 64, 195202 (2001)
C. Hülsen, N. Achtziger, J. Herold, and W. Witthuhn: D. Stephani, and M. Hundhausen, Mater. Sci. Forum 353–356 (Trans. Tech. Publ., Switzerland, 2001) ibid. [45], p. 331
Y. Koshka and M. Mazzola: S. Nishino, H. Harima, and T. Kimoto, Mater. Sci. Forum 389–393 (Trans. Tech. Publ., Switzerland, 2002) ibid. [54], p. 609
Y. Koshka and M.S. Mazzola: Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 752 (2001)
Y. Koshka and M.S. Mazzola: in European Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials 2002, Mater. Sci. Forum in print
K. Rottner and R. Helbig: Appl. Phys. A 59, 427 (1994)
C. Peppermüller, R. Helbig, K. Rottner, and A. Schöner: Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 1014 (1997)
W.J. Choyke, R.P. Devaty, S. Bai, A. Gali, P. Deák, and G. Pensl: S. Nishino, H. Harima, and T. Kimoto, Mater. Sci. Forum 389–393 (Trans. Tech. Publ., Switzerland, 2002) ibid. [54], p. 585
P.J. Macfarlane and M.E. Zvanut: J. Appl. Phys. 88, 4122 (2000)
H. Itoh, A. Kawasuso, T. Oshima, M. Yoshikawa, I. Nashiyama, S. Tanigawa, S. Misawa, H. Okumura, and S. Yoshida: Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 162, 173 (1997)
A. Gali, P. Deák, N.T. Son, and E. Janzén: in European Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials 2002, Mater. Sci. Forum, in print
M. Bockstedte, M. Heid, A. Mattausch, and O. Pankratov: S. Nishino, H. Harima, and T. Kimoto, Mater. Sci. Forum 389–393 (Trans. Tech. Publ., Switzerland, 2002) ibid. [54], p. 471
M. Bockstedte, M. Heid, A. Mattausch, and O. Pankratov: ibid. [78]
T. Petrenko, T. Petrenko, and V. Bratus’: to be published
A. Kawasyuso, H. Itoh, and S. Okada: J. Appl. Phys. 80, 5639 (1996)
N.T. Son, P.N. Hai, and E. Janzén: Phys. Rev. B 63, 201201 (2001)
N.T. Son, W.M. Chen, J.L. Lindström, B. Monemar, and E. Janzén: Mater. Sci. Eng. B 61–62, 202 (1999)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Deák, P., Gali, A., Aradi, B. (2004). Hydrogen in SiC. In: Choyke, W.J., Matsunami, H., Pensl, G. (eds) Silicon Carbide. Advanced Texts in Physics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18870-1_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18870-1_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-62333-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-18870-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive