Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

An Introduction to Imaging Colonic Neoplasms

  • Chapter
Radiology and Imaging of the Colon

Part of the book series: Medical Radiology ((Med Radiol Diagn Imaging))

  • 249 Accesses

Abstract

There has been a great deal of discussion as to the importance of detecting small polyps. The incidence of malignancy in polyps less than 1 cm is 1%, this increases to 10%–20% for polyps with diameters between 1 and 2 cm. For polyps larger than 2 cm the incidence of malignancy is 46% (Muto 1975). Not only is the incidence of malignancy low in small polyps, but also polyps usually grow very slowly. The estimated time for a pre-cancerous polyp to progress to a carcinoma is 10 years (Morson 1984). This is supported by more recent, 5-year colonoscopic surveillance data. In one group, 41 patients from a total of 368 studied developed a small (less than 1 cm) adenoma but only one had developed a polyp with a diameter greater than 1 cm and there were no cancers (Rex et al. 1996). Given these facts, the detection of small polyps should not be the focus of this debate. Instead the aim should be to detect lesions larger than 1 cm. For the purposes of this chapter a small polyp is one that measures less than 1 cm in maximum diameter and a large polyp is one with a diameter of more than 1 cm.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Barker P, Hanning C, Trotter T (1992) A study of the effect of Picolax on body weight, cardiovascular variables and haemoglobin concentration. Ann R Coll Surg England 74: 318–319

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blakeborough A, Sheridan M, Chapman A (1997) Complications of barium enema examinations: a survey of UK consultant radiologists 1992–1994. Clin Radiol 52:142–148

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Britton I, Dover S, Vallance R (2001) Immediate CT pneumo-colon for failed colonoscopy; comparison with routine pneumocolon. Clin Radiol 56:89–93

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown A, Skehan S, Greaney T et al (2001) Value of double-contrast barium enema performed immediately after incomplete colonoscopy. AJR Am J Roentgenol 176:943–945

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Callstrom M, Johnson C, Fletcher J et al (2001) CT colonography without cathartic preparation: feasibility study. Radiology 219:693–698

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chong A, Shah J, Levine M et al (2002) Diagnostic yield of barium enema examination after incomplete colonoscopy. Radiology 223:620–624

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cirocco WC, Rusin LC (1995) Factors that predict incomplete colonoscopy. Dis Colon Rectum 38:964–968

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Connolly D, Traill Z, Reid H et al (2002) The double contrast barium enema: a retrospective single centre audit of the detection of colorectal carcinomas. Clin Radiol 57:29–32

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dafnis G, Granath F, Pahlman L et al (2001) The impact of endoscopists’ experience and learning curves and interendoscopist variation on colonoscopy completion rates. Endoscopy 33:511–517

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Downing T, Bennion R, Sadeghi A (1983) Effect of pre-operative colon preparation on serum potassium. Am Surg 49: 414–416

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fenlon H, Nunes D, Schroy P et al (1999) A comparison of virtual and conventional colonoscopy for the detection of colorectal polyps. N Engl J Med 341:1496–1503

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fidler JL, Johnson C, MacCarty R et al (2002) Detection of flat lesions in the colon with CT colonography. Abdom Imaging 27:292–300

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hancock J, Talbot R (1995) Accuracy of colonoscopy in localisation of colorectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis 10: 140–141

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hara AK (1997) Reducing data size and radiation dose for CT colongraphy. AJR Am J Roentgenol 168:1181–1184

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hara A, Johnson C, MacCarty R et al (2000) Incidental extracolonic findings at CT colongraphy. Radiology 215:353–357

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harvey CJ, Amin Z, Hare CMB et al (1998) Helical CT pneumocolon to assess colonic tumours: radiologic-pathologic correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 170:1439–1443

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hixson L, Fennery M, Sampliner R et al (1990) Prospective study of the frequency and size distribution of polyps missed by colonoscopy. J Natl Cancer Inst 82:1769–1772

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang E, Marks J (2001) The diagnostic and therapeutic roles of colonoscopy; a review. Surg Endosc 15:1373–1380

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jentschura D, Raute M Winter J et al (1994) Complications in endoscopy of the lower gastrointestinal tract: Therapy and prognosis. Surg Endosc 8:672–676

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Katayama H, Yamaguchi K, Kozuka T et al (1990) Adverse reactions to ionic and non-ionic contrast media. A report from the Japanese Committee on the Safety of Contrast Media. Radiology 175:621–628

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lam DT, Kwong K, Lam C et al (1998) How useful is colonoscopy in locating colorectal lesions? Surg Endosc 12: 839–841

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lauenstein T, Goehde S, Ruehme S et al (2002) MR colonography with barium-based fecal tagging: initial clinical experience. Radiology 223:248–254

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lefere P, Gryspeerdt S, Dewyspelaere J et al (2002) Dietary fecal tagging as a cleansing method before CT colongraphy: initial results polyp detection and patient acceptance. Radiology 224:393–403

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Luboldt W, Bauerfeind P, Wildermuth S et al (2000) Colonic masses: detection with MR colonography. Radiology 216: 383–388

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marshall JB, Barthel JS (1993) The frequency of total colonoscopy and terminal ileal intubation in the 1990s. Gastrointest Endosc 39:518–520

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McMahon P, Gazelle S (2002) Colorectal cancer screening issues: a role for CT colonography? Abdom Imaging 27: 235–243

    Google Scholar 

  • Morrin M, Farrell R, Kruskal J et al (2000) Utility of intravenously administered contrast material at CT colonography. Radiology 217:765–771

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morson B (1984) The evolution of colorectal carcinoma. Clin Radiol 35:425–431

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Muto T, Bussey H, Morson B (1975) The evolution of cancer of the colon and rectum. Cancer 36:2251–2270

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neri E, Giusti P, Battolla L et al (2002) Colorectal cancer: role of CT colonography in preoperative evaluation after incomplete colonoscopy. Radiology 223:615–619

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ott D (2000) Accuracy of double-contrast barium enema in diagnosing colorectal polyps and cancer. Semin Roentgenol 35:333–341

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ott D, Chen Y, Gelfand D et al (1986) Single-contrast vs. double-contrast barium enema in the detection of colonic polyps. AJR Am J Roentgenol 146:993–996

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rembacken B, Fujii T, Cairns A et al (2000) Flat and depressed colonic neoplasms: a prospective study of 1000 colonoscopies in the UK. Lancet 355:1211–1214

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rex D, Cummings O, Helper D et al (1996) 5-year incidence of adenomas after negative colonoscopy in asymptomatic average-risk persons. Gastroenterology 111:1178–1181

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rex D, Cutler C, Lemmel G et al (1997) Colonoscopic miss rates of adenomas determined by back-to-back colonoscopies Gastroenterology 112:24–28

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scott DJ, Guthrie J, Arnold P et al (2001) Dual phase helical CT versus portal venous phase CT for the detection of colorectal liver metastases: correlation with intra-operative sonography, surgical and pathological findings. Clin Radiol 56:235–242

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Imaging, The Middlesex Hospital, Mortimer Street, London, W1T 3 A A, UK

    Alison Gillams MD

Authors
  1. Alison Gillams MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Radiology, St. James’s University Hospital, Beckett Street, Leeds, West Yorkshire, LS9 7TF, UK

    Anthony H. Chapman MD

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Gillams, A. (2004). An Introduction to Imaging Colonic Neoplasms. In: Chapman, A.H. (eds) Radiology and Imaging of the Colon. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18834-3_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18834-3_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-62314-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-18834-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation