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Update on Antithrombin for the Treatment of Burn Trauma and Smoke Inhalation Injury

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Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2010

Part of the book series: Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine ((YEARBOOK,volume 2010))

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Abstract

A severe imbalance of systemic and alveolar hemeostasis, as evidenced by an increase in pro-coagulant and a decrease in anti-fibrinolytic activities, represents a hallmark of burn trauma and smoke inhalation injury [1]. The resulting hypercoagulable state is established within the initial 24 h after the injury and is characterized by high levels of activated factor VII, thrombin-antithrombin complexes, plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1), and low levels of protein C as well as antithrombin [2]. Plasma levels of antithrombin decrease by 50 % in burn patients within the first five days and represent an independent predictor of length of hospital stay and mortality [1, 3]. However, the host response to burn trauma as well as to smoke inhalation injury, is not only restricted to coagulation disorders, but also includes a marked activation of the inflammation cascade [4]. Both the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and the pro-coagulatory imbalance in hemostasis ultimately result in multiple organ failure (MOF) and increased mortality rates.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Investigational Intensive Care Unit Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX, 77555-0833, USA

    S. Rehberg, D. L. Traber & P. Enkhbaatar

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  1. S. Rehberg
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  2. D. L. Traber
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  3. P. Enkhbaatar
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  1. Department of Intensive Care Erasme Hospital, Université libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, B-1070, Brussels, Belgium

    Jean-Louis Vincent (Head) (Head)

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Rehberg, S., Traber, D.L., Enkhbaatar, P. (2010). Update on Antithrombin for the Treatment of Burn Trauma and Smoke Inhalation Injury. In: Vincent, JL. (eds) Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2010. Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, vol 2010. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10286-8_27

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10286-8_27

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