Abstract
The aim of the work is to provide a fully automatic method of segmenting vertebrae in spinal radiographs. This is of clinical relevance to the diagnosis of osteoporosis by vertebral fracture assessment, and to grading incident fractures in clinical trials. We use a parts based model of small vertebral patches (e.g. corners). Many potential candidates are found in a global search using multi-resolution normalised correlation. The ambiguity in the possible solution is resolved by applying a graphical model of the connections between parts, and applying geometric constraints. The resulting graph optimisation problem is solved using loopy belief propagation.
The minimum cost solution is used to initialise a second phase of active appearance model search. The method is applied to a clinical data set of computed radiography images of lumbar spines. The accuracy of this fully automatic method is assessed by comparing the results to a gold standard of manual annotation by expert radiologists.
We are thankful to the UK Arthritis Research Council for funding.
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Keywords
- Vertebral Fracture
- Vertebral Level
- Vertebral Fracture Assessment
- Active Appearance Model
- Compute Radiography Image
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Roberts, M.G., Cootes, T.F., Pacheco, E., Oh, T., Adams, J.E. (2009). Segmentation of Lumbar Vertebrae Using Part-Based Graphs and Active Appearance Models. In: Yang, GZ., Hawkes, D., Rueckert, D., Noble, A., Taylor, C. (eds) Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention – MICCAI 2009. MICCAI 2009. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 5762. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04271-3_123
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