Upper Airway Obstruction during sleep and hypoventilation or OSA/H is a common medical problem in adults, and this has now been increasingly recognized in children. It is a disorder of breathing during sleep characterized by prolonged partial upper airway obstruction and/or intermittent complete obstruction (obstructive apnea) that disrupts normal ventilation during sleep and normal sleep patterns. If unrecognized and untreated, it can lead to impaired daytime functioning as well as more serious complications, such as developmental delay, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and poor growth. A number of research studies on animal models and children have been very helpful in understanding not only the etiology of this condition but also the repercussions on overall health.
Epidemiology
OSA/H occurs in children of all ages, from newborns to young adults, with estimates of prevalence rates of about 2%. Although this condition spans the whole age spectrum in children, the peak incidence is...
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Haddad, G.G. (2012). Upper Airway Obstruction and Hypoventilation During Sleep. In: Elzouki, A.Y., Harfi, H.A., Nazer, H.M., Stapleton, F.B., Oh, W., Whitley, R.J. (eds) Textbook of Clinical Pediatrics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02202-9_239
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02202-9_239
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