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ECMO (Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation)

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Textbook of Clinical Pediatrics

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Introduction

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an effective, but costly and invasive rescue therapy for term and late preterm infants with reversible heart and/or lung failure unresponsive to maximal conventional therapies. These include less invasive newer technologies, such as, high-frequency ventilation, surfactant replacement therapy, and inhaled nitric oxide (iNO). ECMO is the application of modified extracorporeal bypass technology for a period of days to weeks to provide temporary life support allowing the injured lungs and/or heart to recover. The first successful clinical application in infants was reported by Bartlett in 1976 and the treatment began to be adopted widely in the mid to late 1980s. ECMO has been shown to significantly improve mortality in a randomized controlled trial and has been the standard of care in industrialized countries for over 20 years. Availability in less-developed countries is limited due to its high expense, need for sophisticated...

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References

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Brown University, 101 Dudley Street, 02905, Providence, RI, USA

    Martin Keszler (MD)

Authors
  1. Martin Keszler
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Correspondence to Martin Keszler .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

    Abdelaziz Y. Elzouki (Professor of Pediatrics) (Professor of Pediatrics)

  2. National Center of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (NCAAI), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Harb A. Harfi (Director) (Director)

  3. Consultant Pediatric Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Islamic Hospital, Amman, Jordan

    Hisham M. Nazer

  4. Seattle Children's Hospital University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA

    F. Bruder Stapleton (Professor and Chair Department of Pediatrics) (Professor and Chair Department of Pediatrics)

  5. Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Woman and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, USA

    William Oh (Professor of Pediatrics) (Professor of Pediatrics)

  6. University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA

    Richard J. Whitley (Professor of Pediatrics) (Professor of Pediatrics)

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© 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Keszler, M. (2012). ECMO (Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation). In: Elzouki, A.Y., Harfi, H.A., Nazer, H.M., Stapleton, F.B., Oh, W., Whitley, R.J. (eds) Textbook of Clinical Pediatrics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02202-9_22

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02202-9_22

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-02201-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-02202-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine

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