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Rapid Detection and Identification with Molecular Methods

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Biology of Microorganisms on Grapes, in Must and in Wine

A prerequisite for the biochemical and physiological investigation of microorganisms is the isolation and management of pure cultures. Nevertheless, most of the environmental microorganisms are graded as “yet-not-cultivable” because the nutritional requirements are unknown or they could not be isolated due to the fact that they are overgrown by faster growing microorganisms of the same habitat. In addition to plating techniques, isolation without cultivation and analysis of microbes could be performed by micromanipulation techniques or the application of optical tweezers followed by the utilization of PCR based technologies. Many different phenotypic and genotypic methods are presently being applied for microbial identification and classification. Several of these methods are suitable for the simultaneous detection on species level, like the analysis of the rRNA genes. Strain-related fingerprint techniques like RFLP-PFGE, nSAPD-, or RAPD PCR are dependent on the purity of the culture and its genomic DNA. They are not suitable for simultaneous detection. In this chapter isolation techniques and an assortment of different molecular biological methods concerning identification on the species and strain level of grape-, must-, and wine-related microorganisms are described. In general, advances in molecular biology providing new insights into the wonderfully complex conversion of grape juice to wine and the microbial ecology of winemaking.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Erbslöh Geisenheim AG, Erbslöhstraβe 1, Geisenheim, 65366, Germany

    Jürgen Fröhlich & Helmut König

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  1. Jürgen Fröhlich
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  2. Helmut König
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  3. Harald Claus
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  1. Institute of Microbiology and Wine Research, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Becherweg 15, Mainz, 55099, Germany

    Helmut König , Gottfried Unden  & Jürgen Fröhlich ,  & 

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Fröhlich, J., König, H., Claus, H. (2009). Rapid Detection and Identification with Molecular Methods. In: König, H., Unden, G., Fröhlich, J. (eds) Biology of Microorganisms on Grapes, in Must and in Wine. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85463-0_24

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