Abstract
Flowslide is a common type of failure of granular soil slopes. Although many flowslides can be explained using static liquefaction or instability behaviour of sand under undrained conditions, some of the failure might have occurred under essentially drained conditions. In this paper, some flowslide case histories are reviewed. Typical flowslides and the possible failure mechanisms behind each flowslide are identified. Based on the laboratory studies, new failure mechanisms are proposed and used to offer new interpretations to some of the failure cases.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adalier K., Elgamal A.W. (2002). Seismic response of adjacent dense and loose saturated sand columns. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 22: 115–127.
Andresen A., Bjerrum L. (1976). Slides in subaqueous slopes in loose sand and silt. Proc. the Int. Research Conf. on Marine Geotechnique, Chicago, 221–237.
Been K., Conlin B.H., Crooks J.H.A., Fitzpatrick S.W., Jefferies M.G., Rogers B.T. and Shinde S. (1987). Back analysis of the Nerlerk berm liquefaction slides: Discussion. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 24: 170–179.
Been K., Crooks J.H.A., Colin B.H. and Horsfield D. (1988). Liquefaction of hydraulically placed sand fills. Proc. Conference on Hydraulic Fill Structures, ASCE Geotechnical Special Publication, 21:330–345.
Boulanger R.W. and Truman S.P. (1996). Void redistribution in sand under post-liquefaction loading. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 33: 829–833.
Brand E.W. (1981). Some thoughts on rain-induced slope failures. Proc. 10th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Stockholm, 3: 373–376.
Casagrande A. (1965). Role of calculated risk in earthwork and foundation engineering. Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division, ASCE, 91(SM4): 1–40.
Chu J., Lo S-C.R. and Lee I.K. (1993). Instability of granular soils under strain path testing. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE, 119(5): 874–892.
Chu J., Leroueil S. and Leong W.K. (2003). Unstable behaviour of sand and its implications for slope instability. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 40: 873–885.
Chu J., Leong W.K. (2001). Pre-failure strain softening and pre-failure instability of sand: a comparative study. Géotechnique, 51(4): 311–321.
Chu J., Leong W.K. (2003). Recent progress in experimental studies on instability of granular soils. Proc. International Workshop on Bifurcation and Instability of Geomaterials, J.F. Labuz and A. Drescher (Eds.), Minneapolis, 175–192.
Eckersley J.D. (1990). Instrumented laboratory flowslides. Géotechnique, 40(3): 489–502.
Fourie A.B., Blight G.E. and Papageorgiou G. (2001). Static liquefaction as a possible explanation for the Merriespruit tailings dam failure. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 38: 707–719.
Kokusho T. (2003). Current state of research on flow failure considering void redistribution in liquefied deposits. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 23: 585–603.
Lade P.V. (1993). Initiation of static instability in the submarine Nerlerk berm. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 30(6): 895–904.
Leong W.K. (2001). Instability behaviour of a granular fill material. Ph.D. Thesis Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
Loke W.L. (2004). Failure mechanisms of gentle granular soil slopes. M.Eng. Thesis Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
National Research Council (1985). Liquefaction of soils during earthquakes. Committee on Earthquake Engineering, National Academies Press, Washington, D.C.
Olson S.M., Stark T.D., Walton W.H. and Castro G. (2000). 1907 static liquefaction flow failure of the north dike of Wachusett dam. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, 126(12): 1184–1193.
Sassa K. (1989). Geotechnical classification of landslides. Landslides News, 3: 21–24.
Sento N., Kazama M., Uzuoka R., Ohmura H. and Ishimaru M. (2004). Possibility of postliquefaction flow failure due to seepage. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, 130(7): 707–716.
Sladen J.A., D’Hollander R.D., Krahn J. and Mitchell D.E. (1985). Back analysis of the Nerlerk berm liquefaction slides. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 22: 579–588.
Torrey V.H., Weaver F.J. (1984). Flow failures in Mississippi riverbanks. Proc. 3rd International Symposium on Landslides, Toronto, 2: 335–360.
Wanatowski D. (2005). Strain-softening and instability of sand under plane-strain conditions. Ph.D Thesis, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
Wanatowski D., Chu J. (2007). Static liquefaction of sand in plane-strain. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 44:299–313.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Science Press Beijing and Springer-Verlag GmbH Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Wanatowski, D., Chu, J., Lo, R.S.C. (2008). Types of Flowslide Failures and Possible Failure Mechanisms. In: Liu, H., Deng, A., Chu, J. (eds) Geotechnical Engineering for Disaster Mitigation and Rehabilitation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79846-0_22
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79846-0_22
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-79845-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-79846-0
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)