Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) or myositis are a heterogeneous group of acquired systemic diseases that are characterized by weakness and chronic inflammation in skeletal muscles and other target organs, with variability in their clinical and laboratory parameters, prognosis, and response to therapy [1, 2]. In 1975, Bohan and Peter [3, 4] wrote a classic article that suggested five subsets of myositis and PM and DM classified according to subtypes and prevalence (Table 3.1). A combined sensitivity for defined and probable PM or DM was determined to range from 74% to 100% in several studies that included a total of 885 patients [5–7].
One of the limitations of Bohan and Peter's [3–5] classification is that inclusion body myositis (IBM) was not recognized as a subset of myositis. Dalakas [1] suggested a new classification of acquired inflammatory myopathies which included PM, DM, and IBM. Based on well-defined clinical, demographic, histologic, and immunopathologic criteria, a new subset known as IBM has been identified as a distinct variety of IIM [1, 8, 9].
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(2009). Classification of Dermatomyositis. In: Dermatomyositis. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79313-7_3
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