Skip to main content

Bladder Dysfunction in Children

  • Reference work entry
Pediatric Nephrology

Abstract

Although the molecular biology of bladder development is still the subject of research, some basic developmental phases of bladder embryology are known. The bladder starts to develop in the fourth week of gestation and probably represents the fusion of two different structures. The first is the urogenital sinus, the anterior portion of the cloaca, which is contiguous with the allantois derived from endoderm. The second is the caudal end of the mesonephric duct, the common excretory duct derived from intermediate mesoderm, which joins with the urogenital sinus on the 24th day of gestation and proceeds to differentiate into the trigone, posterior bladder neck and posterior proximal urethra.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 369.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Baskin L, Meaney D et al. Bovine bladder compliance increases with normal fetal development. J Urol 1994;152(2 Pt 2):692–695. Discussion 696–697.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Beauboeuf A, Ordille S et al. In vitro ligation of ureters and urethra modulates fetal mouse bladder explants development. Tissue Cell 1998;30(5):531–536.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Bourdelat D, Barbet JP et al. Fetal development of the urethral sphincter. Eur J Pediatr Surg 1992;2(1):35–38.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Rabinowitz R, Peters MT et al. Measurement of fetal urine production in normal pregnancy by real-time ultrasonography. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1989;161(5):1264–1266.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Koo HP, Macarak EJ et al. The ontogeny of bladder function in the fetal calf. J Urol 1995;154(1):283–287.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Haberstroh KM, Kaefer M et al. The effects of sustained hydrostatic pressure on select bladder smooth muscle cell functions. J Urol 1999;162(6):2114–2118.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Close CE, Carr MC et al. Lower urinary tract changes after early valve ablation in neonates and infants: is early diversion warranted? J Urol 1997;157(3):984–988.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Neveus T, Gontard A von et al. The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function in children and adolescents: report from the Standardisation Committee of the International Children’s Continence Society. J Urol 2006;176(1):314–324.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Mackie GG, Stephens FD. Duplex kidneys: a correlation of renal dysplasia with position of the ureteral orifice. J Urol 1975;114(2):274–280.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. De Filippo RE, Shaul DB et al. Neurogenic bladder in infants born with anorectal malformations: comparison with spinal and urologic status. J Pediatr Surg 1999;34(5):825–827. Discussion 828.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Shimada K, Matsumoto F et al. Urinary control after the definitive reconstruction of cloacal anomaly. Int J Urol 2005;12(7):631–636.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Shnorhavorian M, Grady RW et al. Long-term followup of complete primary repair of exstrophy: the Seattle experience. J Urol 2008;180(4 Suppl):1615–1619. Discussion 1619–1620.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Rabinowitz R, Peters MT et al. Measurement of fetal urine production in normal pregnancy by real-time ultrasonography. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1989;161(5):1264–1266.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Workman SJ, Kogan BA. Fetal bladder histology in posterior urethral valves and the prune belly syndrome. J Urol 1990;144(2 Pt 1):337–339.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Koff SA, Mutabagani KH et al. The valve bladder syndrome: pathophysiology and treatment with nocturnal bladder emptying. J Urol 2002;167(1):291–297.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Fumo MJ, McLorie GA. Management of the valve-bladder syndrome and congenital bladder obstruction: the role of nocturnal bladder drainage. Nat Clin Pract Urol 2006;3(6):323–326.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Close CE, Carr MC et al. Lower urinary tract changes after early valve ablation in neonates and infants: is early diversion warranted? J Urol 1997;157(3):984–988.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Carr MC. Fetal myelomeningocele repair: urologic aspects. Curr Opin Urol 2007;17(4):257–262.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Snodgrass WT, Adams R. Initial urologic management of myelomeningocele. Urol Clin North Am 2004;31(3):427–434, viii.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Hopps CV, Kropp KA. Preservation of renal function in children with myelomeningocele managed with basic newborn evaluation and close followup. J Urol 2003;169(1):305–308.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Nguyen MT, Pavlock CL et al. Overnight catheter drainage in children with poorly compliant bladders improves post-obstructive diuresis and urinary incontinence. J Urol 2005;174(4 Pt 2):1633–1636. Discussion 1636.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Dik P, Klijn AJ et al. Early start to therapy preserves kidney function in spina bifida patients. Eur Urol 2006;49(5):908–913.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Rendeli C, Ausili E et al. Urodynamic evaluation in children with lipomeningocele: timing for neurosurgery, spinal cord tethering and followup. J Urol 2007;177(6):2319–2324.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Guzman L, Bauer SB et al. Evaluation and management of children with sacral agenesis. Urology 1983;22(5):506–510.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Boemers TM, Gool JD van et al. Urodynamic evaluation of children with the caudal regression syndrome (caudal dysplasia sequence). J Urol 1994;151(4):1038–1040.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Khoury AE, Hendrick EB et al. Occult spinal dysraphism: clinical and urodynamic outcome after division of the filum terminale. J Urol 1990;144(2 Pt 2):426–428. Discussion 428–429, 443–444.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Mitchell ME, Piser JA. Intestinocystoplasty and total bladder replacement in children and young adults: followup in 129 cases. J Urol 1987;138(3):579–584.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Keating MA, Ludlow JK et al. Enterocystoplasty: the star modification. J Urol 1996;155(5):1723–1725.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Palmer LS, Franco I et al. Urolithiasis in children following augmentation cystoplasty. J Urol 1993;150(2 Pt 2):726–729.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Filmer RB, Spencer JR. Malignancies in bladder augmentations and intestinal conduits. J Urol 1990;143(4):671–678.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Soergel TM, Cain MP et al. Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder following augmentation cystoplasty for the neuropathic bladder. J Urol 2004;172(4 Pt 2):1649–1651. Discussion 1651–1652.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Franco I. Overactive bladder in children. Part 1: Pathophysiology. J Urol 2007;178(3 Pt 1):761–768. Discussion 768.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Franco I. Overactive bladder in children. Part 2: Management. J Urol 2007;178(3 Pt 1):769–774. Discussion 774.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this entry

Cite this entry

Mitchell, M.E., Balcom, A.H. (2009). Bladder Dysfunction in Children. In: Avner, E., Harmon, W., Niaudet, P., Yoshikawa, N. (eds) Pediatric Nephrology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76341-3_57

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76341-3_57

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-76327-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-76341-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine

Publish with us

Policies and ethics