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Pediatric Nephrology pp 477–490Cite as

Clinical Evaluation

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Abstract

Renal disease in children may present with overt abnormalities clearly associated with the urinary tract, such as the development of macroscopic haematuria or profound oliguria. However, in many instances symptoms may be very non specific or seemingly mild. Children with chronic renal failure present with a wide variety of symptoms including enuresis, failure to thrive, short stature, lethargy and pallor. The onset may be silent and the progress insidious, with symptoms only developing late in its course. Urinary tract infection in infants and small children may, in contrast to older children, present with non-specific manifestations including poor feeding, vomiting, irritability, abdominal pain, failure to thrive, lethargy and restlessness. The possibility of renal disease should therefore be considered in the differential diagnosis of any child presenting to hospital with acute or chronic symptoms.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom

    Mohan Shenoy & Nicholas J. A. Webb

Authors
  1. Mohan Shenoy
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  2. Nicholas J. A. Webb
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Medical College of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, USA

    Ellis Avner (Director, Children's Research Institute, CHHS, Associate Dean for Research, Professor of Pediatrics and Physiology) (Director, Children's Research Institute, CHHS, Associate Dean for Research, Professor of Pediatrics and Physiology)

  2. Harvard Medical School, Children's Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA

    William Harmon (Professor of Pediatrics, Director, Pediatric Nephrology) (Professor of Pediatrics, Director, Pediatric Nephrology)

  3. Service de Néphrologie Pédiatrique Centre de référence des Maladies Rénales Héréditaires de l'Enfant et de l'Adulte (MARHEA), Hôpital Necker‐Enfants Malades, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75743, Paris Cedex 15, France

    Patrick Niaudet

  4. Department of Pediatrics Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama Medical University Hospital, 641–8510811–1, Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Japan

    Norishige Yoshikawa (Professor and Chair Pediatrician‐in‐Chief) (Professor and Chair Pediatrician‐in‐Chief)

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© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Shenoy, M., Webb, N.J.A. (2009). Clinical Evaluation. In: Avner, E., Harmon, W., Niaudet, P., Yoshikawa, N. (eds) Pediatric Nephrology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76341-3_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76341-3_20

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-76327-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-76341-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine

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