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A Connectionist Perspective on Attentional Effects in Neurodynamics Data

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From Attention to Goal-Directed Behavior

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The aim of this chapter is to show how the validity of neuropsychological models of attention can be explicitly tested using advanced techniques for the analysis of event-related activity in electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalog-raphy (MEG). These techniques are based on biophysical models of EEG/MEG which afford a neurobiological perspective on event-related-potential (ERP) research and on cognitive neuroscience in general. In particular, they allow one to reinterpret neurodynamical effects of attention in terms of context-dependent changes in neuro-nal couplings between remote regions embedded in a global network of attention. First, we present the nodes of the network hypothesized and what the relationships are between attention, synchronization, neural coupling, and ERPs. Second, we describe briefly the mathematical details of a recent modeling approach (dynamic causal modeling) to estimate neural couplings from ERPs. Finally, we will show how dynamic causal modeling for ERPs can be used to compare different neuropsycho-logical models using two examples: the mismatch negativity in auditory oddball paradigms and the activation of the ventral visual pathway by emotional attention.

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Abbreviations

AAS:

Anterior affective system

DCM:

Dynamic causal modeling

EEG:

Electroencephalography

ERF:

Event-related field

ERP:

Event-related potential

fMRI:

Functional magnetic resonance imaging

MMN:

Mismatch negativity

OFC:

Orbitofrontal cortex

STG:

Superior temporal gyrus

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Inserm, U836, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, CHU Grenoble, Bät Edmond J Safra, Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, BP 170, Grenoble CEDEX, 38042 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France

    O. David

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  1. O. David
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Correspondence to O. David .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Centro de Investigaciones Médicas, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta, Santiago, 391, Chile

    Francisco Aboitiz

  2. Escuela de Psicología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile

    Diego Cosmelli

  3. Laboratorio de Neurociencias Cognitivas, Centro de Investigaciones Médicas, Escuela de Medicina, Piso, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta, Santiago, 391, 2°, Chile

    Diego Cosmelli

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David, O. (2009). A Connectionist Perspective on Attentional Effects in Neurodynamics Data. In: Aboitiz, F., Cosmelli, D. (eds) From Attention to Goal-Directed Behavior. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-70573-4_8

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