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Transformation of Aqueous Pollutants by Chlorine Dioxide: Reactions, Mechanisms and Products

  • Chapter
Quality and Treatment of Drinking Water II

Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC5,volume 5 / 5C))

Abstract

Chlorine dioxide is frequently used for the disinfection of drinking water and wastewater effluents. Its use is desired in particular in case of taste and odor problems caused by chlorine, or when the concentration of undesirable chlorinated by-products exceeds their maximum allowable concentrations. The chemical reactions of chlorine dioxide are much more specific and selective than those of chlorine and, as a consequence, it has a lower demand by water and does not produce as many by-products. However, chlorine dioxide is not an ideal oxidant either, because it reacts with various inorganic and organic aquatic compounds to produce a variety of products. The present chapter summarizes the reactions of ClO2 with the major inorganic compounds or organic groups which are, or may be, present in water, and describes their products. Special attention has been paid to the mechanisms of reactions in order to enable the prediction of reactions and products not specified in the current chapter. Some toxicological assessments of chlorine dioxide disinfection in general, and of some of its by-products in particular, are also included.

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Abbreviations

E.T.:

Electron Transfer

GAC:

Granular Activated Carbon

MAC:

Maximum Allowable Concentration

MCL:

Maximum Contamination Level

MO:

Molecular Orbital

PAH:

Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons

THM:

Trihalomethanes

TLV:

Threshold Limit Value

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Laboratory of Water Quality, State of Israel, Ministry of Health, P.O.Box 8255, Abu-Kabir Tel-Aviv, 61082, Israel

    Chaim Rav-Acha

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  1. Chaim Rav-Acha
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  1. Laboratory for Water and Drinking Water Research, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection (rivm), Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, NL-3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands

    Jiři Hrubec

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Dedicated to my admired teacher and friend, Professor Shalom Sarel

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Rav-Acha, C. (1998). Transformation of Aqueous Pollutants by Chlorine Dioxide: Reactions, Mechanisms and Products. In: Hrubec, J. (eds) Quality and Treatment of Drinking Water II. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 5 / 5C. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68089-5_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68089-5_6

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