Models for Highway Traffic and Their Connections to Thermodynamics

Summary

Models for highway traffic are studied by numerical simulations. Of special interest is the spontaneous formation of traffic jams. In a thermodynamic system the traffic jam would correspond to the dense phase (liquid) and the free flowing traffic would correspond to the gas phase. Both phases depending on the density of cars can be present at the same time. A model for a single lane circular road has been studied. The model is called the optimal velocity model (OVM) and was developed by Bando, Sugiyama, et al. We propose here a reformulation of the OVM into a description in terms of potential energy functions forming a kind of Hamiltonian for the system. This will however not be a globally defined Hamiltonian but a locally defined one as it is a dynamical model. The model defined by this Hamiltonian will be suitable for Monte Carlo simulations.