Abstract
The aim of this chapter is to discuss the standards and thresholds that are effective to control wastewater discharges in Mexico. The Mexican Official Standards (NOMs) to the control of wastewater discharges are:
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(a)
NOM-001-SEMARNAT-1996. It establishes the maximum pollution limits for municipal and industrial wastewater discharges to water bodies.
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(b)
NOM-002-SEMARNAT-1996. It specifies the maximum pollution limits for wastewater discharges to urban or municipal sewer systems.
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(c)
NOM-003-SEMARNAT-1997. It establishes the maximum pollution limits for the reuse of treated wastewater.
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(d)
NOM-004-SEMARNAT-2002. This regulation specifies the maximum pollution limits for the use and final disposition of sludge resulting from the wastewater treatment.
This chapter is divided as follows: section 9.2 presents the historical evolution of standards on wastewater discharges in Mexico, section 9.3 introduces the NOM-001-SEMARNAT-1996, section 9.4 presents the NOM-002-SEMARNAT-1996, section 9.5 examines NOM-003-SEMARNAT-1997, section 9.6 studies NOM-004-SEMARNAT-2002, section 9.7 analyses the results of ten years of application of these technical regulations, and finally, section 9.8 includes some conclusions and recommendations.
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References
Official Mexican Norm NOM-001-ECOL-1996; O.D. January 7th 1997
Official Mexican Norm NOM-002-ECOL-1996; O.D. December 9th 1997
Official Mexican Norm NOM-003-ECOL-1997; O.D. August 14th, 1998
Official Mexican Norm NOM-004-ECOL-1996; O.D. September 24th, 2002
National Water Commission (2006) The Management of Water in Mexico. Advances and Challenges
National Water Commission (2005) Resume of Wastewater Plants 2005
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GutiƩrrez, C. (2008). Standards and Thresholds for Waste Water Discharges in Mexico. In: Schmidt, M., Glasson, J., Emmelin, L., Helbron, H. (eds) Standards and Thresholds for Impact Assessment. Environmental Protection in the European Union, vol 3. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31141-6_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31141-6_9
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