Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Analysing AWN-Specifications Using mCRL2 (Extended Abstract)

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Integrated Formal Methods (IFM 2018)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNPSE,volume 11023))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

We develop and implement a translation from the process Algebra for Wireless Networks (AWN) into the milli Common Representation Language (mCRL2). As a consequence of the translation, the sophisticated toolset of mCRL2 is now available for AWN-specifications. We show that the translation respects strong bisimilarity; hence all safety properties can be automatically checked using the toolset. To show usability of our translation we report on a case study.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    This paper does not treat weak simulations, etc.; therefore we omit the word ‘strong’.

  2. 2.

    See [13] for a formal definition of safety property for labelled transition systems.

  3. 3.

    Using that \(\tau |\tau =\tau \), the fourth rule of Table 3 allows any two parallel \(\tau \)-transitions in mCRL2 to synchronise, which is not possible in AWN. For this reason, \(\tau \)-actions in AWN are translated in an action \(\mathbf{t }\) of mCRL2, which is turned into a \(\tau \) only at the outermost layer, where no further parallel compositions are encountered.

  4. 4.

    P is an encapsulated network expression when it has the form [M].

References

  1. Behrmann, G., David, A., Larsen, K.G., Pettersson, P., Wang Yi: Developing Uppaal over 15 years. Softw. - Pract. Exp. 41(2), 133–142 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1002/spe.1006

  2. Behrmann, G., David, A., Larsen, K.G.: A tutorial on Uppaal. In: Bernardo, M., Corradini, F. (eds.) SFM-RT 2004. LNCS, vol. 3185, pp. 200–236. Springer, Heidelberg (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30080-9_7

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Bergstra, J.A., Klop, J.W.: Algebra of communicating processes. In: de Bakker, Hazewinkel, J.W., Lenstra, J.K. (eds.) Mathematics and Computer Science, CWI Monograph 1, pp. 89–138. North-Holland (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bettini, L.: Implementing Domain-Specific Languages with Xtext and Xtend, 2nd edn. Packt Publishing, Birmingham (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Bolognesi, T., Brinksma, E.: Introduction to the ISO specification language LOTOS. Comput. Netw. 14, 25–59 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-7552(87)90085-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Bourke, T., van Glabbeek, R.J., Höfner, P.: Mechanizing a process algebra for network protocols. J. Autom. Reason. 56(3), 309–341 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10817-015-9358-9

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Bres, E., van Glabbeek, R., Höfner, P.: A timed process algebra for wireless networks with an application in routing. In: Thiemann, P. (ed.) ESOP 2016. LNCS, vol. 9632, pp. 95–122. Springer, Heidelberg (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49498-1_5

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Cranen, S., et al.: An overview of the mCRL2 toolset and its recent advances. In: Piterman, N., Smolka, S.A. (eds.) TACAS 2013. LNCS, vol. 7795, pp. 199–213. Springer, Heidelberg (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36742-7_15

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Emerson, E.A., Clarke, E.M.: Using branching time temporal logic to synthesize synchronization skeletons. Sci. Comput. Program. 2(3), 241–266 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6423(83)90017-5

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Fehnker, A., van Glabbeek, R., Höfner, P., McIver, A., Portmann, M., Tan, W.L.: Automated analysis of AODV using UPPAAL. In: Flanagan, C., König, B. (eds.) TACAS 2012. LNCS, vol. 7214, pp. 173–187. Springer, Heidelberg (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28756-5_13

    Chapter  MATH  Google Scholar 

  11. Fehnker, A., van Glabbeek, R., Höfner, P., McIver, A., Portmann, M., Tan, W.L.: A process algebra for wireless mesh networks. In: Seidl, H. (ed.) ESOP 2012. LNCS, vol. 7211, pp. 295–315. Springer, Heidelberg (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28869-2_15

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. Fehnker, A., van Glabbeek, R.J., Höfner, P., McIver, A.K., Portmann, M., Tan, W.L.: A process algebra for wireless mesh networks used for modelling, verifying and analysing AODV (2013). http://arxiv.org/abs/1312.7645

  13. Glabbeek, R.J.: The coarsest precongruences respecting safety and liveness properties. In: Calude, C.S., Sassone, V. (eds.) TCS 2010. IAICT, vol. 323, pp. 32–52. Springer, Heidelberg (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15240-5_3

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  14. van Glabbeek, R.J.: Ensuring liveness properties of distributed systems (a research agenda). Position paper (2016). https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.04240

  15. van Glabbeek, R.J., Höfner, P.: Split, send, reassemble: a formal specification of a CAN bus protocol stack. In: Hermanns, H., Höfner, P. (eds.) Models for formal analysis of real systems (MARS 2017), EPTCS, vol. 244, pp. 14–52. Open Publishing Association (2017). https://doi.org/10.4204/EPTCS.244.2

  16. van Glabbeek, R.J., Höfner, P., Portmann, M., Tan, W.L.: Modelling and verifying the AODV routing protocol. Distrib. Comput. 29(4), 279–315 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00446-015-0262-7

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. van Glabbeek, R.J., Höfner, P., van der Wal, D.: Analysing AWN-specifications using mCRL2. Technical report, Data61, CSIRO (2018, to appear)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Groote, J.F., Mousavi, M.R.: Modeling and Analysis of Communicating Systems. MIT Press, Cambridge (2014)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. Hennessy, M., Milner, R.: Algebraic laws for nondeterminism and concurrency. J. ACM 32(1), 137–161 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1145/2455.2460

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Hoare, C.A.R.: Communicating Sequential Processes. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River (1985)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Hwong, Y.-L., Keiren, J.A., Kusters, V.J.J., Leemans, S.J.J., Willemse, T.A.C.: Formalising and analysing the control software of the Compact Muon Solenoid Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Sci. Comput. Program. 78(12), 2435–2452 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scico.2012.11.009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. IEEE: IEEE Standard for Information Technology—Telecommunications and information exchange between systems—Local and metropolitan area networks-Specific requirements Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications Amendment 10: Mesh Networking (2011). http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6018236

  23. Kant, G., Laarman, A., Meijer, J., van de Pol, J., Blom, S., van Dijk, T.: LTSmin: high-performance language-independent model checking. In: Baier, C., Tinelli, C. (eds.) TACAS 2015. LNCS, vol. 9035, pp. 692–707. Springer, Heidelberg (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46681-0_61

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  24. Kent, S.: Model driven engineering. In: Butler, M., Petre, L., Sere, K. (eds.) IFM 2002. LNCS, vol. 2335, pp. 286–298. Springer, Heidelberg (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-47884-1_16

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  25. Luttik, S.P.: Description and formal specification of the link layer of P1394. In: Lovrek, I. (ed.) 2nd International Workshop on Applied Formal Methods in System Design, pp. 43–56 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Milner, R.: Communication and Concurrency. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River (1989)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. Nolte, S.: QVT - Operational Mappings: Modellierung mit der Query Views Transformation. Springer, Heidelberg (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-92293-3

    Book  Google Scholar 

  28. Object Management Group: Meta Object Facility (MOF) 2.0 Query/View/ Transformation Specification (2011). http://www.omg.org/spec/QVT/

  29. Park, D.: Concurrency and automata on infinite sequences. In: Deussen, P. (ed.) GI-TCS 1981. LNCS, vol. 104, pp. 167–183. Springer, Heidelberg (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0017309

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  30. Perkins, C.E., Belding-Royer, E.M., Das, S.: Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing. RFC 3561 (Experimental), Network Working Group (2003). http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3561.txt

  31. Plotkin, G.D.: A structural approach to operational semantics. J. Log. Algebr. Program. 60–61, 17–139 (2004). Originally appeared in 1981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlap.2004.05.001

  32. Pratt, V.R.: A Decidable mu-Calculus. In: Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS 1981), pp. 421–427. IEEE Computer Society (1981). https://doi.org/10.1109/SFCS.1981.4

  33. Schmidt, D.C.: Model-driven engineering. Computer 39(2), 25–31 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2006.58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Soley, R., The OMG Staff Strategy Group: Model Driven Architecture (2000). http://www.omg.org/~soley/mda.html

  35. Steinberg, D., Budinsky, F., Paternostro, M., Merks, E.: EMF: Eclipse Modeling Framework 2.0, 2nd edn. Addison-Wesley, Boston (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  36. van der Wal, D.: Modeling AWN networks with an mCRL2 back end. Master’s thesis, University of Twente (2018)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Data61, CSIRO, Sydney, Australia

    Rob van Glabbeek, Peter Höfner & Djurre van der Wal

  2. Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

    Rob van Glabbeek & Peter Höfner

  3. Formal Methods and Tools, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands

    Djurre van der Wal

Authors
  1. Rob van Glabbeek
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Peter Höfner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Djurre van der Wal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Peter Höfner .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland

    Carlo A. Furia

  2. University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

    Kirsten Winter

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

van Glabbeek, R., Höfner, P., van der Wal, D. (2018). Analysing AWN-Specifications Using mCRL2 (Extended Abstract). In: Furia, C., Winter, K. (eds) Integrated Formal Methods. IFM 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 11023. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98938-9_23

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98938-9_23

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-98937-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-98938-9

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation