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Pediatric Critical Care pp 43–62Cite as

Weaning and Extubation Readiness Assessment in Pediatric Patients

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Abstract

Mechanical ventilation is a lifesaving intervention that is used to support patients with acute respiratory failure. Mechanical ventilation however is not without risk. Complications such as ventilator-induced lung injury, ventilator-associated pneumonia, prolonged exposure to narcotics and sedatives, airway trauma, and consequent respiratory muscle weakness have been well described in the literature [1–5]. Because of these risks as well as the associated costs of prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) care, one of the most important goals of pediatric critical care teams is to decrease the duration of mechanical ventilation while concomitantly avoiding extubation failure. Extubation failure has also been associated with increased duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU length of stay, ventilator-associated pneumonia, hospital cost, and mortality [6–8]. In contrast to current adult ICU models of care, ventilator weaning and extubation readiness assessment in pediatric ICU populations has not been standardized [9–11]. We aim to present a summary of recent literature focused on pediatric ventilator weaning and extubation readiness assessment that can be used as the foundation for the discussions and collaborative research needed to improve our understanding of this crucial issue in pediatric critical care medicine and the eventual creation of pediatric-specific guidelines.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Critical care, Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Samer Abu-Sultaneh & Christopher W. Mastropietro

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  1. Samer Abu-Sultaneh
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  2. Christopher W. Mastropietro
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Correspondence to Christopher W. Mastropietro .

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  1. Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Christopher W. Mastropietro

  2. Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Kevin M. Valentine

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Abu-Sultaneh, S., Mastropietro, C.W. (2019). Weaning and Extubation Readiness Assessment in Pediatric Patients. In: Mastropietro, C., Valentine, K. (eds) Pediatric Critical Care. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96499-7_3

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