Skip to main content

Child Behavioral Management

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Pediatric Restorative Dentistry

Abstract

This chapter aims to conceptualize dental fear and anxiety in children and their implications on pediatric dental care. The chapter also presents the child’s behavior classification. Moreover, non-pharmacological (tell-show-do, voice control, nonverbal communication, positive reinforcement, distraction, cognitive behavior therapy) and advanced techniques like protective stabilization and pharmacological techniques (nitrous oxide/oxygen inhalation, sedation, general anesthesia), which are commonly used in managing child’s behavior, are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Rajwar AS, Goswami M. Prevalence of dental fear and its causes using three measurement scales among children in New Delhi. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2017;35:128–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Chand SP, Whitten RA. StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2017 Jun–Nov 27.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Luoto A, Lahti S, Nevapera T, Tolvanen M, Locker D. Oral-health-related quality of life among children with and without dental fear. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2009;19(2):115–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Cianetti S, Lombardo G, Lupatelli E, Pagano S, Abraha I, Montedori A, Caruso S, Gatto R, De Giorgio S, Salvato R, Paglia L. Dental fear/anxiety among children and adolescents. A systematic review. Eur J Ped Dent. 2017;18(2):121–30.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Sharma A, Kumar D, Anand A, Mittal V, Singh A, Aggarwal N. Factors predicting behavior management problems during initial dental examination in children aged 2 to 8 years. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2017;10(1):5–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Torriani DD, Ferro RL, Bonow ML, Santos IS, Matijasevich A, Barros AJ, Demarco FF, Peres KG. Dental caries is associated with dental fear in childhood: findings from a birth cohort study. Caries Res. 2014;48(4):263–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Ramos-Jorge J, Marques LS, Homem MA, Paiva SM, Ferreira MC, Ferreira FO, Ramos-Jorge ML. Degree of dental anxiety in children with and without toothache: prospective assessment. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2013;23:125–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Facco E, Zanette G. The odyssey of dental anxiety: from prehistory to the present. A narrative review. Front Psychol. 2017;11(8):1155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Seligman LD, Hovey JD, Chacon K, Ollendick TH. Dental anxiety: an understudied problem in youth. Clin Psychol Rev. 2017;55:25–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Costa VPP, Correa MB, Goettems ML, Pinheiro RT, Demarco FF. Maternal depression and anxiety associated with dental fear in children: a cohort of adolescent mothers in Southern Brazil. Braz Oral Res. 2017;31:e85.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Daniel TS, Guimarães MS, Long SM, Marotti NRL, Josgrilberg EB. Percepção do paciente infantil frente ao ambiente odontológico. Odontologia Clín Científ. 2008;7(2):129–32.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Jain V, Sarkar S, Saha S, Haldar S. Basic behaviour guidance factors and techniques for effective child management in dental clinic-an update review. Int J Oral Health Med Res. 2016;2(6):177–82.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Wright GZ, Alpern GD. Variables influencing children’s cooperative behavior at the first dental visit. ASDC J Dent Child. 1971;38(2):60–4.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Davidovich E, Wated A, Shapira J, Ram D. The influence of location of local anestesia and complexity/duration of restorative treatment on children’s behavior during dental treatment. Pediatr Dent. 2013;35(4):333–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Guideline on behavior guidance for the pediatric dental patient. Pediatr Dent. 2005–2006;27(7):92–100.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Armfield JM, Heaton LJ. Management of fear and anxiety in the dental clinic: a review. Aust Dent J. 2013;58:390–407.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Hodge MA, Howard MR, Wallace DP, Allen KD. Use of video eyewear to manage distress in children during restorative dental treatment. Pediatr Dent. 2012;34(5):378–82.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Porritt J, et al. Development and testing of a cognitive behavioral therapy resource for children’s dental anxiety. JDR Clin Trans Res. 2017;2(1):23–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Williams C, Garland A. A cognitive–behavioral therapy assessment model for use in everyday clinical practice. Adv Psychiatr Treat. 2002;8(3):172–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Appukuttan DP. Strategies to manage patients with dental anxiety and dental phobia: literature review. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. 2016;8:35–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Gazal G, Fareed WM, Zafar MS, Al-Samadani KH. Pain and anxiety management for pediatric dental procedures using various combinations of sedative drugs: a review. Saudi Pharm J. 2016;24(4):379–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Antunes DE, Viana KA, Costa PS, Costa LR. Moderate sedation helps improve future behavior in pediatric dental patients – a prospective study. Braz Oral Res. 2016;30(1):e107.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Nelson TM, Xu Z. Pediatric dental sedation: challenges and opportunities. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. 2015;7:97–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Galeotti A, Garret Bernardin A, D'Antò V, Ferrazzano GF, Gentile T, Viarani V, Cassabgi G, Cantile T. Inhalation conscious sedation with nitrous oxide and oxygen as alternative to general anesthesia in precooperative, fearful, and disabled pediatric dental patients: a large survey on 688 working sessions. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:7289310.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Érica N. Lia .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Lia, É.N., Costa, V.P.P. (2019). Child Behavioral Management. In: Coelho Leal, S., Takeshita, E. (eds) Pediatric Restorative Dentistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93426-6_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93426-6_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-93425-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-93426-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics