Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

XPS Examination of the Oxide-Metal Interface of an Aluminum–Magnesium Alloy Containing Beryllium

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Light Metals 2018 (TMS 2018)

Part of the book series: The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series ((MMMS))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

The addition of beryllium to high magnesium aluminum alloys has long been known to cause a significant decrease in the rate of alloy oxidation. A clear understanding of the fundamental mechanism behind this effect is still lacking. Previous work by the authors has shown that the first formed oxide layer and the oxide metal interface is of key importance. To understand the behavior of beryllium during oxidation, a detailed characterization of the metal/oxide interface was therefore carried out. XPS (X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) was used to study the oxide layer of an Al–5%Mg alloy containing an elevated beryllium content of 100 ppm, which had been oxidized in air at 550 and 700 °C. The higher concentration of beryllium than is used by industry was done to enhance its effects for easier characterization. For samples below the alloy melting point BeO–Al2O3 growths were found on the surface underneath an MgO layer. For liquid metal samples, the BeO–Al2O3 formed as a layer underneath an MgO layer.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 309.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Thiele W (1962) Die Oxydation von Aluminium-und Aluminiumlegierungs-schmelzen. Aluminium 38:780–786.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Cochran C, Belitskus D, Kinosz D (1977) Oxidation of aluminum–magnesium melts in air, oxygen, flue gas and carbon dioxide. Metallurgical Transactions B 8(1):323–332.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Smith N, Gleeson B, Kvithyld A, Tranell G (2017) Effects of 2 ppm beryllium on the oxidation of a 5XXX aluminum alloy at temperatures between 500 and 750 °C In: Ratvik, AP(ed) Light Metals 2017.The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Pittsburgh; Springer, New York, p 1465–1474.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Degreve F, Figaret R, Laty P (1979) Depth profiling by ion microprobe with high mass resolution. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Ion Physics 29(4):351–361.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Field DJ, Scamans GM, Butler EP (1987) The high temperature oxidation of Al-4.2 Wt Pct Mg alloy. Metallurgical Transactions A 18(3):463–473.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Ozdemir O, Gruzleski E, Drew R (2009) Effect of low levels of strontium on the oxidation behavior of selected molten aluminum–magnesium alloys. Oxid Met 72:241–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11085-009-9158-x.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Shih T, Liu Z (2006) Thermally-formed oxide on aluminum and magnesium. Materials Transactions 47(5):1347–1353. https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.47.1347.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Shard A (2014) Detection limits in XPS for more than 6000 binary systems using Al and Mg Kα X-rays. Surface and Interface Analysis 46(3):175–185. https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.5406.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Surla K, Valdiveso F, Pijolat M, Soustelle M, Prin M (2001) Kinetic study of the oxidation by oxygen of liquid Al–Mg 5% alloys. Solid State Ionics 143(3–4):355-365. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-2738(01)00861-X.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Lea C, Molinari C (1984) Magnesium diffusion, surface segregation and oxidation in Al-Mg alloys. Journal of Materials Science 19(7):2336–2352.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This presentation has been funded by the SFI Metal Production, (Centre for Research-based Innovation, 237738). The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Research Council of Norway and the partners of the SFI Metal Production. Additionally, would like to thank Martin Sunding and Ingeborg-Helene Svenum from SINTEF for their help with the XPS analysis and Christian Simensen from SINTEF for his input in this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. NTNU, Alfred Getz Vei 2, 7034, Trondheim, Norway

    Nicholas Smith & Gabriella Tranell

  2. SINTEF, P.O. Box 4760, Sluppen, 7465, Trondheim, Norway

    Anne Kvithyld

Authors
  1. Nicholas Smith
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Anne Kvithyld
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Gabriella Tranell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nicholas Smith .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Rio Tinto Alcan, Saint Jean, France

    Olivier Martin

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Smith, N., Kvithyld, A., Tranell, G. (2018). XPS Examination of the Oxide-Metal Interface of an Aluminum–Magnesium Alloy Containing Beryllium. In: Martin, O. (eds) Light Metals 2018. TMS 2018. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72284-9_119

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation