Synonyms
Definition
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second-most prevalent degenerative disorder worldwide, mainly affecting the central nervous system; it is most prevalent among older adults (Cuenca et al. 2019; Dorsey et al. 2018b). PD is one of a group of clinical syndromes called Parkinsonism, afflictions characterized by rigidity, akinesias, and tremor.
Overview
At the beginning of the nineteenth century, Dr. James Parkinson described the first case of PD as a “shaking palsy” (Cuenca et al. 2019; Dorsey et al. 2018a, b). Two centuries later, in 2016, more than six million people globally were diagnosed with PD (Dorsey et al. 2018a, b). This number is expected to double by 2040 (Dorsey et al. 2018b). Generally, males are affected four to one compared to females (Dorsey et al. 2018a). PD incidence increases with age until stabilizing at >80 years old (Hirsch et al. 2016). In the USA, PD incidence rate in males per 100,000 person-year increases from 29.22...
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References
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Maffoni, ., Giardini, A., Midão, L. (2019). Parkinson’s Disease. In: Gu, D., Dupre, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Gerontology and Population Aging. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69892-2_914-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69892-2_914-1
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