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The sessions started with a lecture, “A personal experience in international employment of Russian pre-university math,” which was given by Mark I. Bashmakov, Russian Academy of Education, St. Petersburg, RF, a major figure in the Kangaroo Olympiad and a creator of the productive education movement in Russia.

Trailers of the movies Senses of Math and The Discrete Charm of Geometry on mathematical research and education were presented by films’ director, Ekaterina V. Eremenko, Berlin University, who graduated from Moscow School 91 and obtained MS and PhD degrees from the Lomonosov Moscow State University.

Alexei L. Semenov presented a perspective on the development of Russian mathematical education during the last 100 years, stressing the crucial role of the social context. He outlined: (1) industrial and authoritarian models for society, family, and school, Vygotskian theories of the 1930s; (2) changes that began in the 1960s: specialized schools, the Kolmogorov reform, programming as second literacy, constructionism and technologies in education; and (3) current important changes caused by the implementation of the Conceptual Framework for Development of Mathematical Education in the Russian Federation adopted by the Russian Government in 2013.

Alexander P. Karp discussed highlights of the Russian school mathematics and its differences from today’s situation in U.S. schools.

Nikolai Konstantinov has been involved in math education reforms since the 1950s and elaborated a new system of learning math where pupils under the guidance of university students solve research tasks and discover new and unexpected facts. He presented the history of the Tournament of Towns.

In the second session, the following presentations were given:

“Math for 21st century school: An expert opinion” by Anatoly Kushnirenko, Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of RAS; “1C: MathKit in fifth and sixth grade students’ adaptive testing taking into account the type and degree of their math giftedness” by Vladimir N. Dubrovsky, Kolmogorov Boarding School of Moscow State University; and “Online educational platform for primary school students” by Anna Shvarts, Uchi.ru, an internet company.

Also participating were Alexander Soifer, professor at University of Colorado at Colorado Springs and the President of WFNMC; G. Mikaelyan and S. Arutunyan from Armenian State Pedagogical Abovyan University, Erevan; and Sergei Dorichenko, the editor-in-chief of Kvantik, a mathematics magazine for primary school teachers and pupils.