Abstract
Georeferenced morphological analysis can contribute not only to the visualisation of currently listed sites, but also to decision making in the design of compatible buildings. In the survey of the architectural fabric of Planaltina, a nineteenth century town in Brazil’s Central Highlands, the authors developed and tested a matrix of architectural features set up in a database and referenced to building lots. The features were then spatially retrieved in a GIS program, delivering dynamic maps that assist in the definition of limits for historic interest areas. This process results in a clear picture of the architectural character in the area, showing which design features are prevalent according to building types and districts. Therefore, it assists in fine tuning infill projects not only to the regional architectural traditions, but even to each neighbourhood’s peculiar identity.
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Notes
- 1.
The survey of the historic centre of Planaltina that served as the test case for this research was conducted in 2012 by the firm Ábaco Arquitetura & Design Ambiental, on behalf of Brazil’s National Historic and Artistic Heritage Institute (IPHAN). It was commissioned to provide guidance on the matter of whether to list the district as a heritage site. The research was modelled and directed by the authors of this paper, and the survey was publicised in an official report [1]. The authors extend thanks to the survey team members: Alessio Gallizio, Leandro Peredo, Caroline Albergaria, and Renata Neves, as well as to the contract managers at IPHAN: Thiago Perpétuo and Juliana Fiuza.
- 2.
For ease of implementation at the time, the database records themselves were not spatial, though it would certainly make sense to make them so. Instead, shape file instances were manually linked to the corresponding building records. A Content Management System was used to set up, manage, and visualise the database fields, while the queries were executed and the maps were generated from within the GIS program. In this case, a custom made application for the data models would be a more robust solution, especially if BIM interoperability is expected.
- 3.
The first federal historic preservation agency in Brazil was established in 1937 by modernist intellectuals and like-minded architects, and heritage has remained a modernist stronghold in Brazil to this day. Even though they did not frown upon neocolonial additions to historic buildings, IPHAN has come to favour modernist interventions more openly in the past few decades. For a thorough discussion of these ideological roots, see [15].
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Palazzo, P.P., Laterza, A. (2018). GIS Model for Morpho-Typology in Historic Preservation and Contextual Design. In: Amoruso, G. (eds) Putting Tradition into Practice: Heritage, Place and Design. INTBAU 2017. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering , vol 3. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57937-5_126
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