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Nutrition Matters in IBD

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Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Part of the book series: Clinical Gastroenterology ((CG))

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Abstract

There is recent interest in how the Western diet and dietary patterns affect IBD and how diet manipulation could alter the microbiome in IBD. Timely nutrition screening, assessment, and intervention can minimize the risk of malnutrition. Early detection of nutrient deficiencies, malabsorption, and prompt correction of abnormalities may improve nutritional status and quality of life in IBD. Enteral nutrition is a cost-effective approach to maintain or restore nutritional status if an oral diet is inadequate. Currently, there is much interest in complementary and alternative nutrition in IBD, though these are not ready for prime time, and further studies are needed. Diet is a useful tool to manage symptoms and provide adequate nutrition in IBD. Despite recent studies in IBD, a healthy and balanced diet remains recommended to alleviate symptoms and promote nutrition.

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Abbreviations

BMI:

Body mass index

CCFA:

Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation of America

CD:

Crohn’s disease

CDC:

Centers for Disease Control

CMC:

Carboxymethyl cellulose

EEN:

Exclusive enteral nutrition

EN:

Enteral nutrition

FODMAP:

Fermentable, oligo-, di-, monosaccharide, and polyols

GI:

Gastrointestinal

GRAS:

Generally recognized as safe

HOS:

High-output stoma

IBD:

Inflammatory bowel disease

IBD-AID:

Inflammatory bowel disease-anti-inflammatory diet

IBS:

Irritable bowel syndrome

mmol/l:

Millimole per liter

MUAC:

Mid-upper arm muscle circumference

MUST:

Malnutrition universal screening tool

NGT:

Nasogastric tube

NPO:

Nothing by mouth

ORS:

Oral rehydration solution

PEN:

Partial enteral nutrition

PN:

Parenteral nutrition

PO:

By mouth

RDN:

Registered dietitian nutritionist

SBS:

Short-bowel syndrome

SCD:

Specific carbohydrate diet

SCFA:

Short-chain fatty acids

SD:

Standard deviation

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha

UC:

Ulcerative colitis

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Care and Discovery 10470, The University of Chicago Medicine Institution, 5700 S Maryland Ave MC 0988, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    Lisa C. Flier

  2. Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S Maryland Ave MC 4080, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    Lori A. Welstead MS, RD, LDN

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  1. Lisa C. Flier
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Correspondence to Lori A. Welstead MS, RD, LDN .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Russell D. Cohen

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Flier, L.C., Welstead, L.A. (2017). Nutrition Matters in IBD. In: Cohen, R. (eds) Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Clinical Gastroenterology. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53763-4_14

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