References
Appelt, M. 2004. De sidste Dorset Folk. In Grønlands Forhistorie, ed. H.C. Gulløv. Copenhagen: Gyldendal.
Arneborg, J. 1993. Contacts between Eskimos and Norsemen in Greenland. In Beretning fra tolvte tværfaglige vikingesymposium, eds. E. Roesdahl and P. Meulengracht Sørensen, 23–36. Forlaget Hikuin og Afdeling for Middelalder-arkæologi, Aarhus Universitet, Aarhus.
Arneborg, J. 2006. Saga trails. National Museum of Denmark, Nanortalik Museum, Narsaq Museum, Qaqortoq Museum, Aarhus 94 pp.
Arneborg, J., J. Heinemeier, and N. Lynnerup, eds. 2012. Greenland isotope project: Diet in Norse Greenland AD 1000–AD1450. Journal of the North Atlantic sp. Vol. 3: 135 pp.
Bichet, V., E. Gauthier, C. Massa, and B.B. Perren. 2014. Lake sediments as an archive of land use and environmental change in the eastern settlement, southwestern Greenland. Journal of the North Atlantic 6: 47–63.
Buckland, P.C., K.J. Edwards, E. Panagiotakopolu, and J.E. Schofield. 2009. Palaeoecological and historical evidence for manuring and irrigation at Garðar (Igaliku), Norse Eastern Settlement, Greenland. The Holocene 19 (1): 105–116.
Diamond, J. 2005. Collapse – How societies choose to fail or succeed. New York: Penguin Books.
Frei, K., , A.N. Coutu, K. Smiarowski, R. Harrison, C.K. Madsen, J. Arneborg, R. Frei, G. Guðmundsson, S.M. Sindbæk, J. Woollett, S. Hartman, M. Hicks, T.H. McGovern 2015. Was it for walrus? Viking Age settlement and medieval walrus ivory trade in Iceland and Greenland. World Archaeology, 47(3) 1–28. ISSN 0043-8243. https://doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2015.1025912.
GHM III. 1845. Grönlands historiske Mindesmærker. Kjøbenhavn: Det kongelige nordiske Oldskrift-selskab.
Gulløv, H.C. 2004a. Grønlands Forhistorie. Copenhagen: Gyldendal.
Gulløv, H.C. 2004b. Nunarput, vort land Thulekulturen. In Grønlands Forhistorie, ed. H.C. Gulløv. Copenhagen: Gyldendal.
Hegmon, M., J. Arneborg, L. Comeau, A. J. Dugmore, G. Hambrecth, S. Ingram, K. Kintigh, T.H. McGovern, M. Nelson, M.A. Peeples, I. Simpson, K. Spielmann, R. Streeter, O. Vésteinsson. 2014. The human experience of social change and continuity: The Southwest and North Atlantic in “interesting times” ca. 1300. In Climates of change. The shifting environment of archaeology: Proceedings of the 44th Annual Chacmool Conference, Chacmool Archaeological Association, University of Calgary, eds. Kulyk, S., C.G. Tremain and M. Sawyer, 53–68. Calgary: University of Calgary, Chacmool Archaeological Association.
Historia Norwegiae. (2008). A history of Norway and the passion and miracles of the blessed Óláfr. Transl. by D. Kunin, introduction and notes by C. Phelpstead. Viking Society for Northern Research XIII. University College London 2001. http://www.vsnrweb-publications.org.uk/Text%20Series/Historia%26Passio.pdf. Accessed 30 Nov 2011.
Jónsson, F., ed. 1920. Konungs Skuggsjá: Speculum Regale. Copenhagen: Det Kongelige Nordiske Oldskriftselskab.
Jónsson. 1930. Ívar Bárðarson, Det gamle Grønlands Beskrivelse af Ívar Bárðarson. Levin and Munksgaards Forlag Copenhagen, Copenhagen.
Lynnerup, N. 1998. The Greenland Norse. A biological-anthropological study. Meddelelser om Grønland. Man and Society 24.
Madsen, C.K. 2014 Pastoral settlement, farming, and hierarchy in Norse Vatnahverfi, South Greenland. PhD Dissertation Faculty of Humanities. University of Copenhagen 442 pp.
Massa, C., V. Bichet, É. Gauthier, B.B. Perren, O. Mathieu, C. Petit, F. Monna, J. Giraudeau, R. Losno, and H. Richard. 2011. A 2500-year record of natural and anthropogenic soil erosion in South Greenland. Quaternary Science Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.11.014.
Masson-Delmotte, V., D. Swingedouw, D. Landais, M.-S. Seidenkrantz, E. Gauthier, V. Bichet, C. Massa, B. Perren, V. Jomelli, G. Adalgeirsdottir, Hesselbjerg Christensen, J. Arneborg, U. Bhatt, D.A. Walker, B. Elberling, F. Gillet-Chaulet, C. Ritz, H. Gallée, M. Van Den Broeke, X. Fettweis, A. De Vernal, and B. Vinther. 2012. Greenland climate change: From the past to the future. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. WIREs Clim Change 2012. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.186.
McGovern, T.H. 1985. Contribution to Paleoeconomy of Norse Greenland. Acta Archaeologica 54: 73–122.
Nelson, M., S. Ingram, A.J. Dugmore, R. Streeter, M.A. Peeples, T.H. McGovern, M. Hegmon, J. Arneborg, K. Kintigh, S. Brewington, K. Spielmann, I. Simpson, C. Strawhacker, L. Comeau, A. Torvinen, C.K. Madsen, G. Hambrecth, K. Smiarowski. 2015. Climate challenges, vulnerabilities, and food security. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences PNAS. (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences), Washington DC.
Nelson, M.C., A.P. Kiinzig, J. Arneborg, R. Streeter, S.E. Ingram. 2017. Vulnerability to Food Security. In The give and take of sustainability, ed. M. Hegmon. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Roesdahl, E. 1995. Hvalrostand elfenben og nordboerne I Grønland. Denmark: Odense Universitetsforlag.
Schofield, J.E., and K.J. Edwards. 2011. Grazing impacts and woodland management in Eriksfjord: Betula, coprophilous fungi and the Norse settlement of Greenland. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 20: 181–197.
Smiarowski, K., R. Harrison, S. Brewington, M. Hicks, F.J. Feeley, C. Dupont-Hébert, B. Prehal, G. Hambrecht, J. Woollett, T.H. McGovern. 2017. Zooarchaeology of the Scandinavian settlements in Iceland and Greenland: Diverging pathways. In The Oxford handbook of zooarchaeology, eds. Albarella, U. M. Rizzetto, H. Russ, K. Vickers and S. Viner-Daniels, Oxford https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686476.013.9
Further Readings
Arneborg, J. 2003a. Norse Greenland archaeology: The dialogue between the written and the archaeological record. In Vinland revisited: The Norse world at the turn of the first millennium, Selected papers from the Viking Millennium International Symposium 15–24 September, ed. S.M. Lewis, 111–123. Newfoundland and Labrador: Newfoundland Historic Sites Association.
Arneborg, J. 2003b. Norse Greenland – reflections on the discussion of depopulation. In Contact, continuity and collapse: The Norse colonisation of the North Atlantic, ed. H.J. Barrett, 163–181. Turnhout: Brepols, York Studies in the Early Middle Ages.
Arneborg, J. 2012. Churches, Christianity and magnate farmers in the Norse Eastern Settlement. In Northern worlds – challenges and solutions, eds. H.C. Gulløv, P.A. Toft and C.P. Hansgaard, 167–170. Report from workshop 2 at the National Museum, 1 November 2011.
Arneborg, J., G. Nyegaard, O. Vésteinsson. 2009. Norse Greenland: Selected papers from the Hvalsey conference 2008. Journal of the North Atlantic 2.
Arneborg, J., J. Heinemeier, N. Lynnerup, H.L. Nielsen, N. Rud, and A.E. Sveinbjörnsdóttir. 1999. Change of diet of the Greenland Vikings determined from stable carbon isotope and 14C dating of their bones. Radiocarbon 41 (2): 157–168.
Dugmore, A.J., C. Keller, and T.H. McGovern. 2007. Norse Greenland settlement: Reflection on climate change, trade, and the contrasting fates of human settlements in the North Atlantic Islands. Arctic Anthropology 44 (1): 12–36.
Dugmore, A.J., T.H. McGovern, O. Vésteinsson, J. Arneborg, R. Streeter, and C. Keller. 2012. Cultural adaptation, compounding vulnerabilities and conjunctures in Norse Greenland. PNAS 109 (10): 3658–3663. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1115292109.
Dugmore, A.J., T.H. McGovern, R. Streeter, C.K. Madsen, K. Smiarowski, and C. Keller. 2013. “Clumsy solutions” and “elegant failures”: Lessons on climate change adaption from the settlement of the North Atlantic Islands. In A changing environment for human security: Transformative approaches to research, policy and action, ed. I. Synga, K. O’Brien, and J. Wolf, 435–451. Abingdon: Routledge.
Eiríks saga rauða. n.d.. http://sagadb.org/eiriks_saga_rauda.en. Accessed 30 Nov 2011.
Grænlendinga saga. n.d.. http://sagadb.org/graenlendinga_saga.on. Accessed 30 Nov 2011.
Hartman, S., A.E.J. Ogilvie, J.H. Ingimundarson, A.J. Dugmore, G. Hambrecht, and T.H. McGovern. 2017. Medieval Iceland, Greenland, and the new human condition: A case study in integrated environmental humanities. Global and Planetary Change. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2017.04.007.
Imer, L.M. 2017. Peasants and prayers – the inscriptions of Norse Greenland. Publications from the National Museum. Studies in Archaeology and History, Copenhagen Vol. 25.
Krogh, K.J. 1982. Erik den Rødes Grønland. Copenhagen: National Museum of Denmark.
Mikkelsen, N., A. Kuijpers, and J. Arneborg. 2008. The Norse in Greenland and late Holocene sea-level change. Polar Record 44 (228): 45–50.
Ogilvie, A.E.J., J.M. Woollett, K. Smiarowski, J. Arneborg, S. Troelstra, A. Kuijpers, A. Pálsdóttir, and T. Mcgovern. 2009. Seals and Sea Ice in Medieval Greenland. Journal of the North Atlantic 2: 60–81.
Østergård, E. 2014. Woven into the earth – textiles from Norse Greenland. Aarhus: Aarhus University Press. Narayana Press, Gylling 298 pp.
Vesteinsson, O. 2010. Parishes and communities in Norse Greenland. Journal of the North Atlantic 2: 138–150.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Section Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature
About this entry
Cite this entry
Arneborg, J. (2018). Greenland: Approaches to Historical Norse Archaeology. In: Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51726-1_1371-2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51726-1_1371-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-51726-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-51726-1
eBook Packages: Springer Reference HistoryReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Humanities