Abstract
The oases of the Province of Mendoza , sited on the arid piedmont of the Argentinian Andes , have experienced some changes in their organisation, according to the civilisations that have cultivated these lands: Huarpes , Incas , Spanish colonisers and European migrants . Although these changes in societies transformed the agricultural orientation , the crises of the 1980s and 2000s did not radically change the typical Mediterranean landscape of such spaces. However, on the one hand they created a new type of landscape and, on the other hand, they had a deep impact on the socio-spatial and economic structures : former cores became secondary, and what used to be desert margins were developed until they became the new economic centre of the Province.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
This chapter will not deal with two smaller mountain oases in this Province: Uspallata (see Chapter “Mountain-Oases Faced with New Roads: Case Studies from the Andes and the Himalayas” by Lavie and Fort) and Malargüe.
- 2.
By “traditional”, we mean the ninetieth-century system developed by European migrants. Agronomists use the term “traditional” to refer to the period 1880–1970.
- 3.
The authors have carried out research on Mendoza’s agriculture for some decades. Fieldwork on irrigation was shared between the three authors in 2006, 2008, 2012 and 2013. In 2014, the funding of the project “Mendoza’s oasian margins” by the ComUE Sorbonne-Paris-Cité gave us the opportunity to add one month of fieldwork to interview researchers and farmers about the urban sprawl towards the green belt of the Metropolitan Area of Mendoza.
- 4.
During our 2014 fieldwork, we met specialists in urban sprawl in Mendoza: Mariana Sanmartino and José Reta (architect and geopolitician, Mendoza Land Use Planning Agency), Maria Teresa Vanderbock and Daniel Pizzolato (agronomists, National Institute of Agronomic Works, INTA), Maria-Elina Gudiño (geographer, Centre of Cartography and Formation in Land Use Planning (CIFOT) of the National University of Cuyo). We also had some interviews in the Municipality of Guaymallén but decided not to provide names for electoral reasons.
- 5.
Cuyùm puùlli in the Huarpe language means Sand land.
- 6.
All translations from Spanish or French were made by the authors.
- 7.
Argentina proclaimed its independence from Spain in 1810; it was definitively acquired in 1816.
- 8.
“Mexicans come from Aztecs, Peruvians from Incas, Argentinians from boats”, a popular idiom.
- 9.
The Province of Mendoza is one of three in the Cuyo regions. Argentina, as a federal country, established provinces at the end of the War of Independence.
- 10.
MERCOSUR: Mercado Commún del Sur, or Southern Common Market. The Southern American subregional bloc is led by Brazil and Argentina, but also includes Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela. Partly inspired by the European Union (preferential trade system, facility of migration, etc.), MERCOSUR is also associated with Chile, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
- 11.
- 12.
They use the English term even in everyday Spanish.
References
Alegre F, Fernandez L, Ramirez M (2014) El ordenamiento territorial. Un instrumento de planificación y aporte a las estrategias de intervención territorial. XXXVII Argentinian Congress on Horticulture. Mendoza, Argentina, 25 Sept 2014
Barbier M (2011) La qualité du système d’irrigation agricole de l’oasis du río Mendoza, Argentine. Master thesis, University Paris-Diderot, France, p 67
Blanchy G (2014) Le vignoble argentin de Mendoza et l’influence française, XIX-XXIè siècle. Paris, l’Harmattan, Coll. Recherche Amériques Latines, p 193
Brenetot A (2004) Justice spatiale. Hypergeo (On-line publication)
Bunel J, Prévôt-Schapira MF (1994) Nouvelles politiques et entrepreneurs: le cas de la Province de Mendoza. In: Bunel J, Montero-Cassasus C Prévôt-Schapira MF (Eds) Les entrepreneurs sous le choc libéral. Le cas du Chili et de l’Argentine, Rapport MRT/Document de recherche du CREDAL, pp 62–201
Cattan N (2006) Centre-Périphérie. In: Ghorra-Gobin C Dictionnaire des mondialisations, Armand Colin, pp 47–49
Chambouleyron J (2004) El aprovechamiento del agua (On-line publication). www.irrigacion.gov.ar
Chambouleyron J (2005) Riego y Drenaje. Técnicas para el desarrollo de una agricultura regadía sustentable. Tomo II. EDIUNC, Mendoza, Argentina. ISBN 950-39-0176-6
Chambouleyron J, Salatino S, Drovandi A, Filippini M, Medina R, Zimmermann M, Nacif N, Dediol C, Camargo A, Campos S, Genovese D, Bustos R, Marre M, Antoniolli E (2002) Conflictos ambientales en tierras regadías. Evaluacíon de impactos en la cuenca del Río Tunuyán, Mendoza, Argentina, UNCuyo-Foncyt-INA-EON. Mendoza, Argentina, p 185
Cozzani de Palmada M (2000) Inmigrantes limítrofes en Argentina.¿Tolerancia o rechazo? Les Cahiers Alhim n°1
DGI—Departamento General de Irrigación (1997) Plan hídrico para la Provincia de Mendoza. Ésta es Mendoza. Mendoza, Argentina
Grataloup C (2004) Centre-périphérie. Hypergeo (On-line publication)
INDEC (2010) General Census of population. On line data: http://www.indec.gov.ar/nivel4_default.asp?id_tema_1=2&id_tema_2=41&id_tema_3=135
Lavie E (2009) Activités anthropiques et qualité de l’eau dans l’oasis de Mendoza (Argentine): diagnostic, enjeux et durabilité. Ph.D., Université Bordeaux III, France, p 385
Martinez Jurczyszyn C (2011). Historia de la Colonia Alvear (1901-1914). Revista de historia americana y argentina n° 46-2. Scielo versión On-line ISSN 2314-1549
Merino J (2001) Un ambiente de libertad económica logró el cambio. Fenomenal reconversión del viñedo argentino. Bodegas y Terruños, Mendoza XI: 8–11;
Montaña E (2007). Identidad regional y construcción del territorio en Mendoza (Argentina): memorias y olvidos estratégicos. Bulletin Français d’Études Andines, vol. 36, n°2: 277–297
Morábito JA, Mirábile C, Manzanera M, Cappe O, Tozzi D, Mastrantonio L (2005). Evolución de la salinidad de suelos regadíos e incultos en el área del río Mendoza. XXth national congress on waters (CONAGUA)—IIIrd symposium on Southern Cone’s hydric resources, DGI-Mendoza, Argentina, vol 1, pp 1–10
Morábito JA, Salatino SE, Campos S, Maffei J, Mastrantonio L, Stocco A, Mestres Sanchis F, Genovese D (2012) Estimación de los incrementos de la salinidad del agua superficial en la cuenca del río Tunuyán como consecuencia del impacto climático. Congress on Irrigation. AERYD-CERYD, Albacete, Spain
Ponte R (2006) Historia del regadío. Las acequias de Mendoza, Argentina. Scripta Nova, Revista electrónica de geografía y ciencias sociales. Barcelona, Spain, vol X, nº218 (07)
Prost B (2004) Marge et dynamique territoriale. Géocarrefour 79(2):175–182
Reynaud A (1981) Société, espace et justice: inégalités régionales et justice sociospatiale. PUF, Paris
Richard-Jorba R (2004) ¿Echar raíces o hacer la América? Un panorama de la inmigración europea hacia la región vitivinícola argentina y algunos itinerarios económicos en la provincia de Mendoza, 1850-1914. Les Cahiers ALHIM, Paris 8, Migrations en Argentine II, (9)
Richard-Jorba R (2006) Formación, crisis, y reorientaciones de la vitivinícultura en Mendoza San Juan, 1870-2000. Aportes para el estudio del sector en la Argentina. Boletín Geográfico, Neuquen, Argentina. n° 28:79–122
Robillard J (2009) Des glaciers au vignobles: gestion de l’eau et stratégies d’irrigation dans les terroirs vitivinicoles de la province de Mendoza. Master thesis, Université Paris I Panthéon Sorbonne, France, p 165
Robillard J (2010) L’accès à l’eau dans l’Oasis de Valle de Uco (Province de Mendoza, Argentine). Quand l’agriculture sort des périmètres irrigués traditionnels pour transformer le désert en vignoble. Master thesis, Université Paris I Panthéon Sorbonne, France, p 99
Romagnoli EP (2004) Inmigración europea y producción artesano industrial en Argentina: la metalurgia inducida por la vitivinicultura moderna en Mendoza (1885-1930). Les Cahiers ALHIM, Paris 8, Migrations en Argentine II, (9)
Romagnoli EP (2007) Immigrants métallurgistes français et vitiviniculture moderne à Mendoza et San Juan, Argentine (1885-1930). Les Cahiers d’Outre-Mer n°239:283–299
Tulet JC, Bustos R (2005) Le vignoble de Mendoza (Argentine), entre vin de table et vin de qualité. Les cahiers d’Outre-Mer n° 231–232:281–300
Velut S (2002) Argentine, géographie d’une crise. L’espace géographique 178(2):175–178
Acknowledgements
The authors wish to thank Anaïs Marshall, co-editor of this book, for her participation in our latest fieldwork, Aldo Morsucchi, our driver during fieldwork interviews, and Malika Madelin for her valuable help with GIS.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lavie, E., Morábito, J.A., Salatino, S.E. (2017). The Transformation of the Oases of Mendoza (Argentina): How the Provincial Socio-spatial Structure Was Reversed by the Crises of the 1980s and 2000s. In: Lavie, E., Marshall, A. (eds) Oases and Globalization. Springer Geography. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50749-1_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50749-1_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-50747-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-50749-1
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)