Abstract
We present R2U2 (Realizable, Responsive, Unobtrusive Unit), a hardware-supported tool and framework for the continuous monitoring of safety-critical and embedded cyber-physical systems. With the widespread advent of autonomous systems such as Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), satellites, rovers, and cars, real-time, on-board decision making requires unobtrusive monitoring of properties for safety, performance, security, and system health. R2U2 models combine past-time and future-time Metric Temporal Logic, “mission time” Linear Temporal Logic, probabilistic reasoning with Bayesian Networks, and model-based prognostics.
The R2U2 monitoring engine can be instantiated as a hardware solution, running on an FPGA, or as a software component. The FPGA realization enables R2U2 to monitor complex cyber-physical systems without any overhead or instrumentation of the flight software. In this tool exhibition report, we present R2U2 and demonstrate applications on system runtime monitoring, diagnostics, software health management, and security monitoring for a UAS. Our tool demonstration uses a hardware-based processor-in-the-loop “iron-bird” configuration.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Adapteva: The Parallella System (2016). http://adapteva.com
Automated Reasoning Group, UCLA: SamIam Sensitivity Analysis, Modeling, Inference and More (SamIam) (2016). http://reasoning.cs.ucla.edu/samiam/
Darwiche, A.: A differential approach to inference in Bayesian networks. J. ACM 50(3), 280–305 (2003)
Geist, J., Rozier, K.Y., Schumann, J.: Runtime observer pairs and Bayesian network reasoners on-board FPGAs: flight-certifiable system health management for embedded systems. In: Bonakdarpour, B., Smolka, S.A. (eds.) RV 2014. LNCS, vol. 8734, pp. 215–230. Springer, Heidelberg (2014). doi:10.1007/978-3-319-11164-3_18
Koymans, R.: Specifying real-time properties with metric temporal logic. Real-Time Syst. 2(4), 255–299 (1990)
Reinbacher, T., Rozier, K.Y., Schumann, J.: Temporal-logic based runtime observer pairs for system health management of real-time systems. In: Ábrahám, E., Havelund, K. (eds.) TACAS 2014 (ETAPS). LNCS, vol. 8413, pp. 357–372. Springer, Heidelberg (2014). doi:10.1007/978-3-642-54862-8_24
Schumann, J., Moosbrugger, P., Rozier, K.Y.: Runtime Analysis with R2U2: A Tool Exhibition Report (Tool Demonstration Website) (2016). http://temporallogic.org/research/RV16/
Schumann, J., Moosbrugger, P., Rozier, K.Y.: R2U2: monitoring and diagnosis of security threats for unmanned aerial systems. In: Bartocci, E., Majumdar, R. (eds.) RV 2015. LNCS, vol. 9333, pp. 233–249. Springer, Heidelberg (2015). doi:10.1007/978-3-319-23820-3_15
Schumann, J., Roychoudhury, I., Kulkarni, C.: Diagnostic reasoning using prognostic information for unmanned aerial systems. In: Proceedings of PHM 2015 (2015)
Schumann, J., Rozier, K.Y., Reinbacher, T., Mengshoel, O.J., Mbaya, T., Ippolito, C.: Towards real-time, on-board, hardware-supported sensor and software health management for unmanned aerial systems. In: Proceedings of PHM 2013, pp. 381–401 (2013)
Schumann, J., Rozier, K.Y., Reinbacher, T., Mengshoel, O.J., Mbaya, T., Ippolito, C.: Towards real-time, on-board, hardware-supported sensor and software health management for unmanned aerial systems. Int. J. Prognostics Health Manage. (IJPHM) 6(1), 1–27 (2015)
Acknowledgments
The development of R2U2 was in part supported by NASA ARMD grant NNX14AN61A, ARMD 2014 I3AMT Seedling Phase I NNX12AK33A, and NRA NNX08AY50A.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Schumann, J., Moosbrugger, P., Rozier, K.Y. (2016). Runtime Analysis with R2U2: A Tool Exhibition Report. In: Falcone, Y., Sánchez, C. (eds) Runtime Verification. RV 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10012. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46982-9_35
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46982-9_35
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-46981-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-46982-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)