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Motor Outcomes of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Are Dependent on the Specific Interneuron Circuit Targeted

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Converging Clinical and Engineering Research on Neurorehabilitation II

Part of the book series: Biosystems & Biorobotics ((BIOSYSROB,volume 15))

Abstract

Different aspects of motor behaviour may engage distinct interneuron circuits in the human motor cortex. If so, the behavioural effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) protocols may critically depend on the specific circuit stimulated. We used TMS of the hand area to activate two distinct synaptic inputs to corticospinal neurons by altering the direction of current induced in the brain: posterior-anterior (PA inputs) and anterior-posterior (AP inputs). We found AP inputs to be preferentially suppressed during motor preparation in a reaction time task. We also show that preconditioning PA, but not AP, inputs with via rTMS facilitates performance of a ballistic motor task. These results suggest that behavioural effects of rTMS may be most evident when relevant interneuron circuits are targeted.

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Acknowledgements

R. Hannah and J.C. Rothwell were supported by a Medical Research Council grant (MR/K01384X/1).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK

    Ricci Hannah, Sean Cavanagh, Steven Jerjian & John C. Rothwell

  2. Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

    Martin Sommer

Authors
  1. Ricci Hannah
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  2. Martin Sommer
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  3. Sean Cavanagh
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  4. Steven Jerjian
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  5. John C. Rothwell
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ricci Hannah .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council Cajal Institute, Madrid, Spain

    Jaime Ibáñez

  2. Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council Cajal Institute, Madrid, Spain

    José González-Vargas

  3. Avda. de la Universidad s/n, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche Avda. de la Universidad s/n, Elche, Spain

    José María Azorín

  4. Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston Cullen College of Engineering, Houston, USA

    Metin Akay

  5. Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council Cajal Institute, Madrid, Spain

    José Luis Pons

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Hannah, R., Sommer, M., Cavanagh, S., Jerjian, S., Rothwell, J.C. (2017). Motor Outcomes of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Are Dependent on the Specific Interneuron Circuit Targeted. In: Ibáñez, J., González-Vargas, J., Azorín, J., Akay, M., Pons, J. (eds) Converging Clinical and Engineering Research on Neurorehabilitation II. Biosystems & Biorobotics, vol 15. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46669-9_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46669-9_1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-46668-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-46669-9

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

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