Gluteal Augmentation and Remodelling

Abstract

The sciatic nerve begins in the lower back and runs through the buttocks and down to the lower limb. Extending from the top of the leg to the foot, it is the longest and thickest single nerve in the human body. The sciatic innervates the muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh and all the muscles of the leg and foot and nearly the whole of the skin of the leg. The superior gluteal nerve originates in the pelvis and innervates the tensor fasciae latae muscles and the gluteus medius and minimus. The inferior gluteal nerve is mainly responsible for motor innervation of the gluteus maximus muscle. It extends the thigh to execute activities such as climbing stairs. All the cited nerves are placed deeply into the gluteus maximus. The superficial branch of the superior gluteal artery enters the deep surface of the gluteus maximus and supplies the muscle anastomosing with the inferior gluteal artery. Numerous terminal branches perforate its tendinous origin to supply the superficial tissues covering the posterior surface of the sacrum. The inferior branch of the gluteal artery descends in the gap between the greater trochanter of the femur and tuberosity of the ischium and is continued down to the back of the thigh, supplying the skin. It anastomoses with branches of the perforating arteries.