Abstract
“If you want to understand the artist, look at his work,” said John Douglas, a retired FBI agent, mastermind of the investigative method known as “psychological profiling” and Chief of the FBI’s Behavioral Section. Criminal profiling is an excellent tool in the execution of the law. Nevertheless, it cannot be used in isolation as an effective investigative technique. Without the aid of other factors, no profiling process can, or ever could, in itself, lead to an arrest. Profiling is a kind of art rather than a science in the strict sense of the word. A profile constitutes an offender’s characteristic behavior, deduced from clues left behind either before, during, or after a crime is committed.
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Notes
- 1.
V. Gerberth, Psychological Profiling in: Law and Order, Illinois 1981, vol. 29, p. 46.
- 2.
K. Bonda, B. Lach, Zbrodnia niedoskonała. Największe zagadki kryminalne ostatnich lat rozwiązane prze polskiego profilera [Imperfect Crimes: The Greatest Criminal Mysteries of Recent Years Resolved by a Polish Profiler], publ. Videograf, Chorzów 2012, p. 32.
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K. Gradoń, Zabójstwo wielokrotne: profilowanie kryminalne [Multiple killing: Criminal Profiling], publ. Wolters Kluwer, Warsaw 2010, p. 165.
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D. M. Buss, The Murderer Next Door: Why the Mind is Designed to Kill [Morderca za ścianą: skąd w naszym umyśle kryją się mordercze skłonności, trans. Agnieszka Nowak, wyd. Gdańskie Psychologiczne, Gdańsk 2007, p. 41].
- 5.
R. M.Holmes, S. T. Holmes, Profiling Violent Crimes, an Investigative Tool, publ. SAGE Publications, Thousand Oaks, London, New Delhi 1996, p. 49.
- 6.
K. Gradoń, Zabójstwo wielokrotne… [Multiple Killing…], pp. 166–167.
- 7.
id., p. 170.
- 8.
K. Bonda, B. Lach, Zbrodnia niedoskonała… [Imperfect Crimes…], p. 37.
- 9.
W. Petherick, Serial Crime: Theoretical and Practical Issues in Behavioral Profiling, publ. Elsevier Inc., San Diego 2011. p.
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J. K. Gierowski, Zabójcy i ich ofiary: psychologiczne podstawy profilowania nieznanych sprawców zabójstw [Killers and Their Victims: Psychological Profiling of Unknown Serial Killers], publ. Instytutu Ekspertyz Sądowych, Kraków 2003, p. 25.
- 11.
K. Bonda, B. Lach, Zbrodnia niedoskonała… [Imperfect Crimes.], p. 34.
- 12.
K. Gradoń, Zabójstwo wielokrotne… [Multiple Killing…], p. 222.
- 13.
D. K. Rossmo, Geographic Profiling: ed. Jackson J.L., Bekarian D., Offender Profiling. Theory, Research and Practice, Chichester 2003, pp. 166–170.
- 14.
P. Vronsky, Serial Killers: the Method and Madness of Monsters, publ. Berkeley Publishing Group, New York 2010, p. 350.
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R. M. Holmes, S. T. Holmes, Contemporary Perspectives on Serial Murder, publ. SAGE Publications, Thousand Oaks, London, New Delhi 1998, p. 201.
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B. Hołyst, Kryminalistyka [Criminalistics], publ. LexisNexis, Warsaw 2010, p. 283.
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B. Hołyst, Wykrywalność sprawców zabójstw [Detectability of Murderers], Wydawnictwo Prawnicze, Warsaw 1967, p. 137.
- 18.
R. M. Holmes, S. T. Holmes, Contemporary Perspectives…, p. 201.
- 19.
B. Hołyst, Wykrywalność sprawców zabójstw…, [Detectability of Murderers…], p. 144.
- 20.
R. M. Holmes, S. T. Holmes, Contemporary Perspectives…op.cit., p. 200.
- 21.
B. Hołyst, Kryminalistyka… [Criminalistics…], p. 288.
- 22.
B. Hołyst, Kryminologia [Criminology], publ. LexisNexis, Warsaw 2009, p. 330.
- 23.
K. Gradoń, Zabójstwo wielokrotne… [Multiple Killing], p. 251.
- 24.
id., p. 252.
- 25.
id., pp. 286–288.
- 26.
P. Vronsky, Serial Killers…, p. 365.
- 27.
B. Hołyst, Kryminologia… [Criminology], p. 1220.
- 28.
id., p. 1228.
- 29.
R. M. Holmes, S.T. Holmes, Contemporary Perspectives…, p. 224.
- 30.
id., p. 225.
- 31.
Information found on the website: http://eurojust.europa.eu.
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Directorate General for Internal Policies, Improving Coordination between the EU Bodies Competent in the Area of Police and Judicial Cooperation: Moving towards a European Prosecutor, European Parliament Study, Brussels 2011, p. 14.
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Daniszewska, A. (2017). Prosecuting and Evidencing Crimes: Possible Measures to Counteract Serial Murder More Effectively. In: Serial Homicide. SpringerBriefs in Criminology(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40054-9_5
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