Atomic Symbol: P
Atomic Number: 15
Atomic Weight: 30.97 g/mol
Isotopes and Abundances: 31P (stable, 100%), radioactive isotopes from 24P to 46P, with 32P (short-lived; half-life = 14.3 days) and 33P (short-lived; half-life = 25.4 days) being the longest-lived ones
1 Atm Melting Point: 44.1 °C
1 Atm Boiling Point: 280 °C
Common Valences: +5, +3, +2, +1, −2, −3
Ionic Radii: 2.12 Å (−3) and 0.29 Å (+5)
Pauling Electronegativity: 2.19
First Ionization Energy: 1012 kJ/mol
Chondritic (CI) Abundance: 926 ppm
Silicate Earth Abundance: 90 ppm
Crustal Abundance: 1120 ppm
Seawater Abundance: 0.06 ppm
Core Abundance: 2000 ppm
Properties, Origin, and Behavior
Elemental phosphorus is known in four allotropic varieties – white or yellow, red, violet, and black P, with different specific densities (1.82 g/cm3, 2.34 g/cm3, 2.36 g/cm3, and 2.69 g/cm3, respectively). Elemental phosphorus is highly reactive in the presence of oxygen, ignites and starts to luminescence...
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Föllmi, K.B. (2018). Phosphorus. In: White, W.M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Geochemistry. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39312-4_189
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