Abstract
The optimal velocity (OV) model was proposed to explain the physical mechanism of jam formation. The emergence of a traffic jam can be understood as a kind of dynamical phase transition. We confirmed the physical mechanism by two experiments. In this study, we investigate the relation between experimental results and observations of real traffic based on the OV model. In the OV model, the critical density at which a traffic jam occurs is determined by the OV function. The OV function is estimated from data of headway and velocity obtained by the experiments. Then, we propose a scaling rule of the OV function from the experiments to real traffic. Using this rule, we obtain critical density as a function of a single parameter. The obtained critical density is consistent with the observed values for highway traffic. From this result, we conclude that the jam formation in real traffic is explained by the same mechanism as the circuit experiments.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Nagoya Dome Ltd., where the experiment was conducted, and SICK K.K. for their technical support with the laser scanner. We also thank H. Oikawa and the students of Nakanihon Automotive College for their assistance with this experiment. This work was partly supported by the Mitsubishi Foundation and JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 20360045.
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Nakayama, A., Kikuchi, M., Shibata, A., Sugiyama, Y., Tadaki, Si., Yukawa, S. (2016). Scaling from Circuit Experiment to Real Traffic Based on Optimal Velocity Model. In: Knoop, V., Daamen, W. (eds) Traffic and Granular Flow '15. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33482-0_66
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33482-0_66
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