Abstract
In this chapter, irrigation methods that could be adopted in the Nile Delta are evaluated in terms of water saving; and toward the goal of water saving, water requirements in the form of evapotranspiration are discussed. The factors affecting water application efficiency in the field and how traditional water application methods are inherently limited are outlined. The use of the crop coefficient (K c ) approach in judging the water-saving potential of a given irrigation method is explained. The water application efficiencies for different irrigation methods are compared. Approaches to determine evapotranspiration in the field by means of measurements and/or estimation are introduced, based on the actual application of these approaches in the Nile delta region. The derived evapotranspiration amounts are compared among different irrigation methods for major crops. Finally, the manner in which windbreak trees can affect evapotranspiration is discussed.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Dr. Ahmed Abdel-Fattah (Water Management Research Institute, National Water Research Center) and Dr. M.A. Mahmoud (Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center) for facilitating the local logistics.
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El-Kilani, R.M.M., Sugita, M. (2017). Irrigation Methods and Water Requirements in the Nile Delta. In: Satoh, M., Aboulroos , S. (eds) Irrigated Agriculture in Egypt. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30216-4_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30216-4_6
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