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Colon Cancer Risk and Prevention

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Book cover Colon Polyps and the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer

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Abstract

Thousands of cells die and thousands of cells proliferate in our bodies every day. This cell proliferation is not unlimited. Cells take their place in the normal structure depending on macroscopic and microscopic anatomic features of an organ. Cancer develops as the result of mutation of the genes that are responsible for the differentiation and regulation of cell growth. Multiple genes are affected in most tumors. Tumor suppressor genes may lose their function or oncogenes may be activated as a result. Cell proliferation is uncontrolled and unlimited in cancer; it does not comply with the features of the tissue or organ and continues to grow by impairing the structure of the organ. This proliferation exceeds the limits of the organ and continues to proceed toward neighboring organs. After reaching a certain size, a cancer needs vessels for nutrition. Angiogenesis is the main requirement for tumorigenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor A takes part in this process. All organs and tissues of the body have blood and lymph vessels. Cancer cells grow and impair the wall structure of these vessels. The cells that enter the vessels proceed to distant organs via the vascular structure, reside there, and begin to proliferate, which leads to distant metastasis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Surgery Department, Buca Seyfi Demirsoy State Hospital, Izmir, Turkey

    Omer Engin MD

  2. Emergency Department, Buca Seyfi Demirsoy State Hospital, Izmir, Turkey

    Mebrure Evnur Uyar MD

  3. Surgery Department, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Oguzhan Sunamak MD

  4. Surgery Department, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey

    Fuat Ipekci MD

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  1. Omer Engin MD
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  2. Mebrure Evnur Uyar MD
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  3. Oguzhan Sunamak MD
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  4. Fuat Ipekci MD
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Correspondence to Omer Engin MD .

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  1. Department of Surgery, Izmir Buca Hospital, Buca, Izmir, Turkey

    Omer Engin

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Engin, O., Uyar, M.E., Sunamak, O., Ipekci, F. (2015). Colon Cancer Risk and Prevention. In: Engin, O. (eds) Colon Polyps and the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17993-3_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17993-3_13

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