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Generalized Anxiety Disorder

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Anxiety Disorders and Gender

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Abstract

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the more prevalent anxiety disorders. However, many questions still remain regarding its etiopathogenesis and optimal treatment, including possible effects of gender. This chapter provides an overview about the prevalence of GAD, its diagnosis, psychological and (neuro-)biological models as well as treatment options, highlighting any gender differences as reported so far. As for most anxiety disorders, gender differences have been most consistently revealed for prevalence, with females being approximately 1.5–2 times as likely as males to meet criteria for GAD. However, the cause for this female preponderance is largely unknown to date. While some first evidence points towards an important role of different emotion regulation strategies in women and men, almost no information is available on possible gender effects on the genetic or neurobiological underpinning of the disorder. With regard to the diagnosis and treatment of GAD, gender appears not to play a major role except for health care utilization.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd11/browse/f/en#/http%3a%2f%2fid.who.int%2ficd%2fentity%2f1712535455. Entered on March 25, 2014.

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  1. Behavioral Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, Dresden, D-01187, Germany

    Katja Beesdo-Baum & Kevin Hilbert

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  1. Katja Beesdo-Baum
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  1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa

    Dan J. Stein

  2. Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa

    Bavi Vythilingum

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Beesdo-Baum, K., Hilbert, K. (2015). Generalized Anxiety Disorder. In: Stein, D., Vythilingum, B. (eds) Anxiety Disorders and Gender. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13060-6_1

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