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Gene–Environment Interactions in the Pathogenesis of Obsessive–Compulsive Symptoms in Schizophrenia

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Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Schizophrenia

Abstract

Obsessive–compulsive symptoms (OCSs) or comorbid obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) commonly occurs in the course of schizophrenia. Considering the heritability of OCD and schizophrenia, various hypotheses can be developed regarding the gene–environment interaction mechanism of OCSs in schizophrenia. As clinical presentations of OCSs in patients with schizophrenia are highly diverse, their genetic basis would be heterogeneous and complex. Among the various sub-phenotypes studied to date, second-generation antipsychotic (SGA)-induced OCSs showed some replicated findings, suggesting the role of glutamatergic genes. Medications could be an environmental factor that is straightforward and can be reliably measured in the study of gene–environment interactions. Further studies on the SGA-induced OCSs would provide an important early insight into the complete genetic architecture of OCSs in schizophrenia. For performing future large-scale multicenter studies, replication studies, and meta-analyses, valid and applicable research criteria for different subtypes of OCSs in schizophrenia are needed. In addition, more clinical attention on this manifestation would be important for the progress of genetic studies on this phenotype.

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  1. Department of Psychiatry, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea

    Kyung Sue Hong

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  1. Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Lieuwe De Haan

  2. Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Frederike Schirmbeck

  3. Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany

    Mathias Zink

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Hong, K.S. (2015). Gene–Environment Interactions in the Pathogenesis of Obsessive–Compulsive Symptoms in Schizophrenia. In: De Haan, L., Schirmbeck, F., Zink, M. (eds) Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Schizophrenia. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12952-5_8

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