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Stellar Activity and CMEs: Important Factors of Planetary Evolution

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Solar Prominences

Part of the book series: Astrophysics and Space Science Library ((ASSL,volume 415))

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Abstract

CME activity of the Sun is known to be an important impacting factor for the magnetospheres, atmospheres, and surfaces of solar system planets. Following an idea of a solar-stellar analogy, CME phenomena are expected on other stars as well. The main planetary impact factors of the stellar CMEs include the associated interplanetary shocks, plasma density and velocity disturbances, energetic particles accelerated in the shock regions, as well as distortions of the magnetic field direction and modulus. All these factors should be properly taken into account during the study of evolutionary processes on exoplanets and their atmospheric and plasma environments. The planetary impact of the stellar CME activity may vary depending on stellar age, stellar spectral type and the orbital distance of a planet. Because of the relatively short range of propagation of the majority of CMEs, they affect most strongly the magnetospheres and atmospheres of close-orbit ( < 0.1 AU) exoplanets. In this chapter we discuss an issue of the stellar CME activity in the context of several actual problems of modern exoplanetology, including planetary atmosphere mass loss, planet survival at close orbits, and definition of a criterion for habitability.

“Pathways to Habitability” Team of the FWF-NFN Project S116: Helmut Lammer, Manuel Güdel, Igor I. Alexeev, Elena S. Belenkaya, Ildar F. Shaikhislamov, Kristina G. Kislyakova, Petra Odert, Martin Leitzinger, Oleksiy V. Arkhypov, Yury Sasunov, Zoltan Vörös

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the NFN project S116 “Pathways to Habitability” of the Austrian Science Foundation (FWF) and its related subprojects S11606-N16, S11607-N16. The authors acknowledge the support of the FWF project P25587-N27 and RFBR grant 14-29-06036 and thank the ISSI team Characterizing stellar and exoplanetary environments as well as EU FP7 project IMPEx for providing collaborative environment for research and communication.

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  1. Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, 8042, Graz, Austria

    Maxim L. Khodachenko

  2. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, Russia

    Maxim L. Khodachenko

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  1. Maxim L. Khodachenko
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Correspondence to Maxim L. Khodachenko .

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  1. Université Paris-Sud 11, Institute of Astrophysics Space, Orsay, France

    Jean-Claude Vial

  2. University of Oslo, Blindern, Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, Oslo, Norway

    Oddbjørn Engvold

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Khodachenko, M.L. (2015). Stellar Activity and CMEs: Important Factors of Planetary Evolution. In: Vial, JC., Engvold, O. (eds) Solar Prominences. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 415. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10416-4_18

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