Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Hope and embitterment

  • Chapter
Embitterment

  • 1167 Accesses

Abstract

Hope has been of interest across centuries and cultures. In Greek mythology, for example, it was one of the evils contained in Pandora’s box, a gif sent by the gods in order to punish humanity. In the Judeo-Christian tradition, on the other hand, hope is conceptualized as a virtue, a spiritual gif from God, unquestionably a good thing. Hope is also an important philosophical topic with numerous philosophers having reflected on the topic.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Ai AL, Terrence TN, Whitsett DD, Ishisaka T, Metoo C (2007) Posttraumatic symptoms and growth of Kosovar war refugees: The influence of hope and cognitive coping. J Posit Psychol 2:55–65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amy LA, Cascio T, Santangelo LK, Evans-Campbell T (2005) Hope, meaning, and growth following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. J Interpers Violence 20:523–548

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Andresen R, Oades L, Caputi P (2003) The experience of recovery from schizophrenia: towards an empirically validated stage model. Australian New Zealand J Psychiatr, 37:586–594

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Averill JR, Catlin G, Chon KK (1990) Rules of hope. Springer, New York Berlin Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  • Beck AT, Weissman A, Lester D, Trexler L (1974) The Measurement of pessimism: the hopelessness scale. J Consult Clinic Psychol 42:861–865

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bonney S, Stickley T (2008) Recovery and mental health: a review of the British literature. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 15:140–153

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Breznitz S (1986) The effect of hope on coping with stress. In: Appley MH, Trumbull R (eds) Dynamics of stress. Physiological, psychological, and social perspectives. Plenum Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Bryant FB, Cvengros JA (2004) Distinguishing hope and optimism: two sides of a coin or two separate coins? J Soc Clinic Psychol 23:273–302

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Byrne C, Brown B, Voorberg N, Schofield R, Browne G, Gafni A, Schuster M, Watt S, Roberts J, Hoxby H (1999) Health education or empowerment education with individuals with a serious persistent psychiatric disability. Psych Rehabil J 22:368–380

    Google Scholar 

  • Cheavens JS, Feldman DB, Gum A, Scott TM, Snyder CR (2006) Hope therapy in a community sample: A pilot investigation. Soc Indic Res 77:61–78

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cutcliffe J, Herth K (2002) The concept of hope in nursing 2: hope and mental health nursing. Brit J Nurs 11:885–893

    Google Scholar 

  • Crowson JJ, Frueh BC, Snyder CR (2001) Hostility and hope in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder: a look back at combat as compared to today. Cogn Ter Res 25:149–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Day JP (1970) The anatomy of hope and fear. Mind 79(315):369–384

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Jong-Meyer R, Hautzinger M, Rudolf GAE, Strauss W, Frick U (1996) Outcome prediction and longitudinal analyses of endogenously depressed patients treated with combined psychological and antidepressant therapies. Z Klin Psychol 25:110–129

    Google Scholar 

  • Edward KL, Welch A, Chater K (2009) The phenomenon of resilience as described by adults who have experienced mental illness. J Adv Nurs 65:587–595

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eliott J (2004) What have we done with hope? A brief history. In: Eliott J (ed) Interdisciplinary perspectives on hope. Nova Science Publishers Inc, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Farley GK, Zimet SG (1987) Can a five-minute verbal sample predict the response to day psychiatric treatment? Int J Part Hosp 4:189–198

    Google Scholar 

  • Farran CJ, Herth KA, Popovich JM (1999) Hoffnung und Hoffnungslosigkeit. Konzepte für Pflegeforschung und Praxis. Ullstein Medical, Wiesbaden

    Google Scholar 

  • Gottschalk LA (1974) A Hope Scale applicable to verbal samples. Arch Gener Psychiatr 30:779–758

    Google Scholar 

  • Grewal PK, Porter JE (2007) Hope theory: A framework for understanding suicidal action. Death Stud 31:131–154

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hammelstein P, Roth M (2002) Hoffnung — Grundzüge und Perspektiven eines vernachlässigten Konzeptes (Hope — Basic Characteristics and Foundations of a Neglected Concept). Z Different und Diagnost Psychol 23:191–203

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hart AB, Craighead WE, Craighead LW (2001) Predicting recurrence of major depressive disorder in young adults: A prospective study. J Abnorm Psychol 110:633–643

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hayes AM, Feldman GC, Beevers CG, Laurenceau J-P, Cardaciotto, L, Lewis-Smith J (2007) Discontinuities and Cognitive Changes in an Exposure-Based Cognitive Terapy for Depression. J Cons Clin Psychol 75:409–421

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Herth K (1991) Development and refinement of an instrument to measure hope. Scholar Inquir for Nurs Pract: An Int J 5:39–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Herth K (1992) An abbreviated instrument to measure hoe: Development and psychometric evaluation. J Adv Nurs 17:1251–1259

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Herth K (2004) State of the Science of Hope in Nursing practice: Hope, the Nurse, and the Patient. In: Eliott J (ed) Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Hope. Nova Science Publishers Inc, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Hobfoll SE, Watson P, Bell CC, Bryant RA, Brymer MJ, Friedman MJ, Friedman M, Gersons BPR, DeJong JTVM, Layne CM, Maguen S, NeriaY, Norwood AE, Pynoos RS, Reissman D, Ruzek JI, Shalev AY, Solomon Z, Steinberg AM, Ursano RJ (2007) Five essential elements of immediate and mid-term mass trauma intervention: Empirical evidence. Psychiatr 70:283–315

    Google Scholar 

  • Irving LM, Snyder CR, Cheavens J, Hanke J, Nelson N, Hilberg P, Gravel L (2004) The relationships between hope and outcomes at the pre-treatment, beginning, and later phases of psychotherapy. J Psychother Integrat 14:419–443

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Irving LM, Telfer L, Blake DD (1997) Hope, coping, and social support in combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder. J Trauma Stress 10:465–479

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jackley PK (2001) Shame-based identity and chronic post-traumatic stress disorder in help-seeking combat veterans. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, vol 61(9-B):4986

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson KL (2001) The relationship of hope and quality of life in combat veterans seeking treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: Te Sciences and Engineering, 62(6-B):2958

    Google Scholar 

  • Kleinberg J (2007) Restoring hope through post-trauma groups. Group 31:293–308

    Google Scholar 

  • Kraatz RA (2004) Clients’ perception of therapeutic alliance as a predictor of increased hope and decreased negative affect and symptoms. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering, 64(7-B):3530

    Google Scholar 

  • Lara MA, Navarro C, Acevedo M, Berenzon S, Mondragon L, Rubi NA (2004) A psycho-educational intervention for depressed women: a qualitative analysis of the process. Psychol and Psychother: Teo, Res Pract 77:4–47

    Google Scholar 

  • Lazarus RS (1999) Hope: An Emotion and a Vital Coping Resource Against Despair. Soc Res 66:653

    Google Scholar 

  • Linden M, Baumann K, Rotter M, Schippan B (2007) The Psychopathology of Posttraumatic Embitterment Disorders (PTED). Psychopathol 40:159–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lynch WF. Images of Hope (1965) Imagination as healer of the hopeless. Helicon, Baltimore

    Google Scholar 

  • Magaletta PR, Oliver JM (1999) The hope construct, will, and ways: their relations with self-efficacy, optimism and general well-being. J Clin Psychol 55:539–551

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Magyar-Moe JL (2004) Predictors of therapy outcome: An attempt to explain more of the variance. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering 64(9-B):4624

    Google Scholar 

  • Meadows A, Kaslow NJ, Tompson MP, Jurkovic GJ (2005) Protective factors against suicide attempt risk among African American women experiencing intimate partner violence. Amer J Communit Psychol 36:109–121

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Menninger K (1959) The Academic Lecture: Hope. American Journal of Psychiatry 116:481–491

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller JF, Powers MJ (1988) Development of an instrument to measure hope. Nurs Res 37:6–10

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nowotny MA (1989) Assessment of hope in patients with cancer: Development of an instrument. Oncol Nurs Forum 16:57–61

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nunn KP, Lewin TJ, Walton JM, Carr VJ (1996) The construction and characteristics of an instrument to measure personal hopefulness. Psychol Med 26:531–545

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Obayuwana AO, Carter AL (1982) The anatomy of hope. J Nation Med Assoc, 74:229–234

    Google Scholar 

  • Ong AD, Edwards LM, Bergeman CS (2006) Hope as a source of resilience in later adulthood. Pers Indiv Differ 41:1263–1273

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parvizian P (2005) The role of social support in resilience among child abuse survivors. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering 65(12-B):6668

    Google Scholar 

  • Penrod J, Morse JM (1997) Strategies for assessing and fostering hope: The hope assessment guide. Oncol Nurs Forum 24:1055–1063

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Raleigh E (1994) Development of the multidimensional hope scale. J Nurs Meas 2:155–167

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rustoen T (1995) Hope and quality of life, two central issues for cancer patients: A theoretical analysis. Canc Nurs 18:335–361

    Google Scholar 

  • Schrank B, Stanghellini G, Slade M (2008) Hope in Psychiatry: A Review of the Literature. Acta Psychiatr Scandinavi 118:421–433

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schrank B, Woppmann A, Sibitz I, Lauber C. Development and validation of an integrative scale to measure hope. Submitted for publication

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwarzer R (1994) Optimistische Kompetenzerwartung: Zur Erfassung einer personellen Be-wältigungsresource. Diagnostica 40:105–123

    Google Scholar 

  • Snyder CR (ed) (2000) Handbook of Hope: Teory, measures and applications. Academic Press, San Diego

    Google Scholar 

  • Snyder CR, Cheavens JS, Michael ST (2004) Hope Teory: History and elaborated model. In: Eliott J (ed) Interdisciplinary perspectives on hope. Nova Science Publishers Inc, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Snyder CR, Harris C, Anderson JR, Holleran SA, Irving LM, Sigmon ST, Yoshinobu L, Gibb J, Langelle C, Harney P (1991) The Will and the Ways: Development and Validation of an Individual-Differences Measure of Hope. J Pers Soc Psychol 69:570

    Google Scholar 

  • Snyder CR, Sympson SC, Ybasco FC, Borders TF, Babyak MA, Higgins RL (1996) Development and validation of the State Hope Scale. J Pers Soc Psychol 70:321–335

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Snyder CR (2002) Hope theory: Rainbows in the mind. Psychol Inq 14:249–275

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Staats S (1989) Hope: A comparison of two self-report measures for adults. J Pers Assess 53:366–375

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Staats S (1987) Hope: Expected positive affect in an adult sample. J Genet Psychol 148:357

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stephenson C (1991) The concept of hope revisited for nursing. J Adv Nurs 16:1456–1461

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stotland E (1969) The psychology of hope. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco

    Google Scholar 

  • Talmadge WT (2003) Exploring the hope construct in psychotherapy. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering 63(8-B):3942

    Google Scholar 

  • Udelman DL, Udelman HD (1985) A preliminary report on anti-depressant therapy and its effects on hope and immunity. Soc Sci Med 20:1069–1072

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ulrich D (1984) Psychologie der Hoffnung. Z PersonenzentrPsychol und Psychother 3:375–385

    Google Scholar 

  • Vaillot M (1947) Living and dying: Hope: The restoration of being. Ameri J Nurs 70:268–273

    Google Scholar 

  • Whalan, GS Mushet, GL (1996) Consumers’ views of the helpful aspects of an in-patient psychotherapy group: A preliminary communication. Brit J Med Psychol 69:227–245

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang CH (2000) Developing a concept of hope from a human science perspective. Nurs Sci Quat 13:248–251

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University Vienna Währinger, Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria

    Beate Schrank & Astrid Grant Hay

Authors
  1. Beate Schrank
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Astrid Grant Hay
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Behavioral and Psychosomatic Medicine, Rehabilitation Centre Seehof, Teltow/Berlin, Germany

    Michael Linden

  2. Department of Psychopathology and Clinical Intervention, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Andreas Maercker

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer-Verlag Wien

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Schrank, B., Grant Hay, A. (2011). Hope and embitterment. In: Linden, M., Maercker, A. (eds) Embitterment. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-99741-3_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation