Coronary Artery Disease in HSCT

Abstract

A curative possibility for certain people with hematologic malignancies and sporadically for others with benign hematologic diseases is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The advancement of HSCT techniques and supportive care has enabled a growing number of people to survive long-term. Nevertheless, these survivors are more likely to develop chronic, debilitating illnesses over the long term, such as early cardiovascular disease. Patients with cancer are more likely to experience side effects than the general population, and there is a strong correlation between traditional cardiovascular risk factors, and the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. The HSCT can be divided into two categories: autologous and allogeneic. After allogenic HSCT, late adverse effects are more common. The occurrence of late-occurring vascular events, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accidents, peripheral arterial disease, vasculitis, or cardiac events, including left ventricular dysfunction, myocarditis, valvular heart disease, conduction disorders, and pericardial diseases. These issues frequently arise earlier than would be anticipated. All patients should be screened with clinical history and diagnostic tools by a cardiologist and preferably a cardio-oncologist specialist. Conventional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors should be managed thoroughly pre-HSCT.