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Niche Construction and the Ideal Free Distribution: Partners in Characterizing Past Human-Environmental Dynamics

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Cultural Landscapes and Long-Term Human Ecology

Abstract

Niche Construction Theory (NCT) and the Ideal Free Distribution (IFD) have been called upon by various researchers to assess, analyze, and understand human-environmental dynamics in the past. In this chapter we highlight the complementarity of these two approaches. Where niche construction theory provides a framework to explore population-level ecological interactions, the IFD and its variants provide models to test hypotheses of human behavior and its ecological effects. Rather than being antithetical to one another, we suggest that the characteristics of niche construction are mechanisms by which humans modified habitat suitability as measured by the Allee effect of the IFD in particular and that short- and long-term activities and their legacy effects can be modeled and tested with archaeological and environmental data. We discuss the role of pastoralism in landscape modifications generally and illustrate the main issues with an example of the ecological impacts and changes of transhumant pastoralism in historic periods of the Iberian Peninsula. The deep time and large spatial scale of this example illustrates ongoing processes of niche construction with human and animal adaptations to fluctuating ecological, political, and economic dynamics. Ecological legacies effected human populations in the past, and continue to impact the habitats we live in today.

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McClure, S.B., Kennett, D.J. (2023). Niche Construction and the Ideal Free Distribution: Partners in Characterizing Past Human-Environmental Dynamics. In: Robinson, E., Harris, S.K., Codding, B.F. (eds) Cultural Landscapes and Long-Term Human Ecology. Interdisciplinary Contributions to Archaeology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49699-8_7

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