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The Evolution of Foraging and the Transition to Pastoralism in the Sahara

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Landscapes and Landforms of the Central Sahara

Part of the book series: World Geomorphological Landscapes ((WGLC))

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Abstract

Modern humans have been crossing the Sahara as long ago as 300,000 years ago and the intermittent opening of corridors in humid periods has facilitated this human transit. Pastoralism spreads into the central Sahara, together with dairying and a striking culture of cattle necropolises, by around 7000 BP. However, it took nearly another 3500 years to spread to the Sahel, likely for ecological reasons. The chapter discusses the different elements of the pastoral package, beginning with cattle and ovicaprines and later phases of horses, donkeys, and camels. Small foraging groups still live in the Sahara, and their importance for ethnographic reconstruction is highlighted.

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Acknowledgements

Thanks to Nick Drake, Kevin Macdonald, Veerle Linseele for discussions and forwarding papers relevant to these topics.

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  1. McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3ER, UK

    Roger Blench

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  1. School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

    Jasper Knight

  2. McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

    Stefania Merlo

  3. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra “A. Desio”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy

    Andrea Zerboni

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Blench, R. (2023). The Evolution of Foraging and the Transition to Pastoralism in the Sahara. In: Knight, J., Merlo, S., Zerboni, A. (eds) Landscapes and Landforms of the Central Sahara. World Geomorphological Landscapes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47160-5_17

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