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Authentic Instruments

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Diversity of Enforcement Titles in the EU

Part of the book series: Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice ((IUSGENT,volume 111))

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Abstract

Subject of recognition and enforcement, apart from judgments and court settlements, may also be authentic instruments. Brussels I bis contains separate regulation devoted to authentic instruments, nevertheless, the provisions explicitly require the appropriate application of selected regulations concerning judgments to authentic instruments. It should also be emphasized that the regulations provide only for the enforceability of documents but are silent as to their recognition. This chapter presents provisions of Brussels I bis regulation on authentic instruments. Emphasis has been made to presentation definition of authentic instrument in Brussels I bis as well as qualification and description of characteristic features of certain national law authentic instruments from a perspective of authentic instrument definition under Brussels I bis. Significant part of chapter has been devoted to the recognition mechanism and enforceability of authentic instruments. In this regard, the similarities, and differences in terms of recognition and enforcement with court judgments have been presented. Chapter contains also analysis concerning grounds for refusal to enforcement authentic instruments.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Regulation (EU) No. 1215/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2012 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters, OJ L 351, 20.12.2012. See Dymitruk et al. (2021), pp. 1–16.

  2. 2.

    See Dymitruk et al. (2021), p. 2.

  3. 3.

    See Dymitruk et al. (2021), p. 2.

  4. 4.

    See Ortwein II (2003), pp. 405, 411.

  5. 5.

    Bylander and Linton (2020).

  6. 6.

    Regulation (EC) No 805/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 April 2004 creating a European Enforcement Order for uncontested claims, OJ L 143, 30.4.200. Jacek Gołaczyński (2015), para 4.

  7. 7.

    Council Regulation (EC) No. 4/2009 of 18 December 2008 on jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of decisions and cooperation in matters relating to maintenance obligations, OJ L 7, 10.1.2009.

  8. 8.

    Case C-260/97, Unibank A/S v. Flemming G. Christensen, 17.06.1999, ECLI:EU:C:1999:312.

  9. 9.

    Council of the Notariats of the European Union: Comparative study on authentic instruments national provisions of private law, circulation, mutual recognition and enforcement, possible legislative initiative by the European Union (November 2008), https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2008/408329/IPOL-JURI_ET(2008)408329_EN.pdf.

  10. 10.

    See Kola Tafaj (2020); Valdhans (2020); Rijavec et al (2020).

  11. 11.

    See Kunštek et al (2020).

  12. 12.

    Case C-42/92, Adrianus Thijssen v. Controledienst voor de verzekeringen, 13.07.1993, ECLI:EU:C:1993:304.

  13. 13.

    Case C-52/08, European Commission v. Portuguese Republic, 14.05.2011, ECLI:EU:C:2011:337.

  14. 14.

    In Sweden, certain agreements regarding alimony obligations are directly enforceable by the Swedish Enforcement Authority (see Council of Bars and Law Societies of Europe 2011), maintenance obligations, however, remain beyond the scope of the research.

  15. 15.

    See Christofi and Loizou (2022).

  16. 16.

    Council of Bars and Law Societies of Europe (2011); Bylander and Linton (2020).

  17. 17.

    Republic of Poland Constitutional Tribunal, P 45/12, OTK-A 2015/4/46 (2015).

  18. 18.

    See Naydenova (2022).

  19. 19.

    See Kaczorowska et al (2022).

  20. 20.

    See Fitchen (2020), p. 130.

  21. 21.

    See Bores Lazo and Serrano Ron (2020).

  22. 22.

    See Caramelo Gomes et al (2020).

  23. 23.

    See Bores Lazo and Serrano Ron (2020).

  24. 24.

    See Kola Tafaj (2020).

  25. 25.

    See Lietuvos Profesinu Sajungu Konfederacija, Labour dispute committee, https://www.lpsk.lt/en/legislation/labour-dispute-committee/.

  26. 26.

    See National report for France. Project EU-En4s — JUST-AG-2018/JUST-JCOO-AG-2018.

  27. 27.

    See Zoroska Kamilovska and Rakočević (2020).

  28. 28.

    See Bores Lazo and Serrano Ron (2020).

  29. 29.

    See Christofi and Loizou (2022); Bylander and Linton (2020).

  30. 30.

    See Bores Lazo and Serrano Ron (2020).

  31. 31.

    See Dymitruk et al. (2021), pp. 1–16.

  32. 32.

    Regulation (EU) No. 650/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012 on jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of decisions and acceptance and enforcement of authentic instruments in matters of succession and on the creation of a European Certificate of Succession, OJ L 201, 27.7.2012. See Article 59.

  33. 33.

    Council Regulation (EU) 2019/1111 of 25 June 2019 on jurisdiction, the recognition and enforcement of decisions in matrimonial matters and the matters of parental responsibility, and on international child abduction, OJ L 178, 2.7.2019. See Article 65.

  34. 34.

    Vekas (2015), p. 984.

  35. 35.

    Gołaczyński (2015), para 4.

  36. 36.

    Fitchen and Kramer (2015), para 14.31.

  37. 37.

    Martiny (2021), p. 142.

  38. 38.

    See Schmon (2020), p. 20.

  39. 39.

    Zatorska (2015).

  40. 40.

    Kramer (2016), pp. 983–984.

  41. 41.

    Fitchen (2020), p. 130.

  42. 42.

    Gołaczyński (2015).

  43. 43.

    Case C-619/10, Trade Agency Ltd v. Seramico Investments Ltd, 06.09.2012, ECLI:EU:C:2012:531.

  44. 44.

    Republic of Poland Supreme Court, V CSK 426/10, OSNC -ZD (2012).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Wroclaw, Faculty of Law, Administration and Economics, Wroclaw, Poland

    Piotr Rodziewicz

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  1. Piotr Rodziewicz
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Law, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia

    Vesna Rijavec

  2. Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK

    Wendy Kennett

  3. Faculty of Law, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia

    Tomaž Keresteš

  4. Faculty of Law, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia

    Tjaša Ivanc

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Rodziewicz, P. (2023). Authentic Instruments. In: Rijavec, V., Kennett, W., Keresteš, T., Ivanc, T. (eds) Diversity of Enforcement Titles in the EU. Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice, vol 111. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47108-7_15

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