Abstract
These are some strategies to adopt in the treatment of respiratory diseases in children. Aerosol therapy is very important for children. Guidelines for managing an acute severe asthma exacerbation include aerosol therapy with albuterolo. In bronchiolitis the administration of surfactant may shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation. Oxygen therapy must be delivered at accurate and safe levels with the lowest possible fractional concentration of inspired oxygen (FiO2) able to reverse hypoxemia. There are some categories of weak children as congenital heart disease with ductal-dependent lesions and prematurity where the oxygen can cause overcirculation within the pulmonary system and retinopathy. Nitric oxide activates relaxation at the smooth muscle. On the pulmonary vasculature, this relaxation reduces pulmonary vascular resistance, favors redistribution of pulmonary blood flow, and reduces right-heart work.
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Pavone, M., De Sanctis, F. (2023). Aerosol Therapy (Bronchodilators, Corticoids), Surfactant Therapy, Humidification, Oxygen, Nitric Oxide, and Heliox. In: Esquinas, A.M., Mina, B., Spadaro, S., Perrotta, D., De Sanctis, F. (eds) Pharmacology in Noninvasive Ventilation. Noninvasive Ventilation. The Essentials. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44626-9_26
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